Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Alfathesin and etomidate for minor outpatient anaesthesia.
Etomidate was compared with alfathesin for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in a double-blind fashion in 48 fit patients undergoing minor gynaecological operations as outpatients. The patients were randomized to receive either etomidate 0.3 mg . kg-1 or alfathesin 75 microliters . kg-1 as intravenous induction agents. All patients received fentanyl 1 microgram . kg-1 and breathed 70 per cent nitrous oxide in oxygen. ⋯ Recovery was equally rapid in both groups. No adverse reactions were seen. Alfathesin would appear to be preferable to etomidate as an induction and maintenance agent in unpremedicated fit outpatients undergoing minor gynaecological operations.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialModerate hypotensive anaesthesia for reduction of blood loss during total hip replacement.
Thirty-two consecutive patients scheduled for total hip replacement were randomly allocated to receive either neurolept anaesthesia or halothane anaesthesia. In the halothane group, systolic blood pressure was reduced to 10.69-13.33 kPa in normotensive patients, and to 13.33-16.0 kPa in hypertensive patients by adjusting the inspired halothane concentration and using supplementary fentanyl when necessary. ⋯ The average peroperative blood loss in the halothane group was 809 ml (range 250-1700 ml); this was significantly lower than in the neurolept anaesthesia group in which an average blood loss of 1909 ml (range 600-4900 ml) occurred. Moderate hypotensive halothane anaesthesia is recommended as an anaesthetic technique for total hip replacement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative influences of epidural and general anaesthesia on deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after total hip replacement.
In an investigation on deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, where neither dextran nor antithrombotic drug prophylaxis were employed, 30 patients undergoing total hip replacement were randomly allotted to one of two groups receiving either epidural or general anaesthesia. The epidural group (n = 15) was given 0.5% bupivacaine with epinephrine (5 micrograms/ml) and this was prolonged into the postoperative period for pain relief. The general anaesthesia group (n = 15) was operated on under artificial ventilation with nitrous oxide/oxygen via an endotracheal tube and intravenously administered fentanyl and pancuronium bromide. ⋯ Further, the frequency of pulmonary embolism, as determined by pulmonary perfusion lung scanning, was lower in patients receiving continuous epidural block (2 of 15) than in the general anaesthesia group (7 of 15). Possible explanations for these findings are discussed, including a hyperkinetic lower limb blood flow and lower fibrinolysis inhibition activity in patients given epidural block. Lower blood transfusion requirements in patients given epidural block might also play a role, as well as a "stabilizing" effect of local anaesthetics on platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Anaesthesia for surgical correction of fractured femoral neck. A comparison of three techniques.
Sixty patients with fractured neck of femur and scheduled for surgical correction were randomly allocated to receive one of three anaesthetic techniques: general anaesthesia; spinal analgesia; psoas compartment block. The patients in the local anaesthetic groups also received a light general anaesthetic. There was little difference in the pre-, intra- and postoperative events, and no difference in postoperative mortality.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Anaesthesia for transurethral prostatectomy. A comparison of spinal intradural analgesia with two methods of general anaesthesia.
One hundred and fifty patients who presented for transurethral prostatectomy were randomly allocated to one of three groups for the purpose of anaesthesia. Group A received spinal intradural analgesia, Group B general anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation and Group C general anaesthesia with controlled ventilation. The comparability of the three groups was established. ⋯ Dysrhythmias were significantly higher in Group B. The results support the conclusion that the methods of choice for anaesthesia for transurethral prostatectomy are spinal analgesia or general anaesthesia using muscle relaxants and controlled ventilation. The final decision is a matter of personal preference.