Articles: general-anesthesia.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyCricoid-mental distance-based versus weight-based criteria for size selection of classic laryngeal mask airway in adults: a randomized controlled study.
The optimal size selection of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) based on body weight is not always applicable. This study was prospectively conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cricoid-mental distance-based method versus weight-based method in optimal size selection of LMA in adults. Seventy-four patients (aged from 18 to 65) undergoing ophthalmic surgery were randomly assigned into cricoid-mental (CM) distance-based group or weight-based group to select appropriate size of LMA. ⋯ The overall success rate of LMA insertion in CM distance-based group was slightly increased in comparison with the weight-based group (100% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.240). There were no significant differences in score of fiber-optic view and postoperative pharyngolaryngeal morbidity between both groups (all P > 0.05). CM distance-based criteria is an alternative choice for optimizing size selection of classic LMA in adults.
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Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIs Opioid-Free General Anesthesia More Superior for Postoperative Pain Versus Opioid General Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy?
Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is a new anesthesiological technique, where the giving of opioids (fentanyl) is avoided in the intra- and post-operative period. This leads to reduction in the opioid-related side effects and lower pain scores in the postoperative period. ⋯ Opioid-free anesthesia as a part of multimodal analgesia and a new anesthesiology technique is a safe procedure, where opioid-related negative effects in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy are avoided..
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of pre-operative fluid therapy on hemodynamic stability during anesthesia induction, a randomized study.
Preserving perfusion pressure during anesthesia induction is crucial. Standardized anesthesia methods, alert fluid therapy and vasoactive drugs may help maintain adequate hemodynamic conditions throughout the induction procedure. In this randomized study, we hypothesized that a pre-operative volume bolus based on lean body weight would decrease the incidence of significant blood pressure drops (BPD) after induction with target-controlled infusion (TCI) or rapid sequence induction (RSI). ⋯ Pre-operative fluid bolus decreased the incidence of significant blood pressure drops during TCI and RSI induction of general anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Associations Between Cognitive Dysfunction, Stress Biomarkers, and Administered Anesthesia Type in Total Knee Arthroplasties: Prospective, Randomized Trial.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious complication associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and has been shown to increase the length of hospital stay, cause functional impairment, and morbidity. ⋯ Cognitive dysfunction, stress biomarkers, acute pain, regional anesthesia, spinal anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on gastric insufflation during induction of anaesthesia when using pressure-controlled ventilation via a face mask: A randomised controlled trial.
Face mask ventilation (FMV) during induction of anaesthesia is associated with risk of gastric insufflation that may lead to gastric regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration. A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to reduce gastric regurgitation. We therefore hypothesised that CPAP followed by FMV with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during induction of anaesthesia would reduce the risk of gastric insufflation. ⋯ Contrary to the primary hypothesis, with increasing PIP the tested PEEP level did not protect against but facilitated gastric insufflation during FMV. This result suggests that PEEP should be used with caution after anaesthesia induction during FMV, whereas CPAP during pre-oxygenation seems to be safe.