Articles: pain-measurement.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Apr 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialThe tampon test for vulvodynia treatment outcomes research: reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness.
A standardized tampon insertion and removal test, the Tampon Test provides an alternative to sexual intercourse pain as an outcome measure for vulvodynia research. We report upon the reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change of the Tampon Test as an outcome measure for vulvodynia clinical trials. ⋯ II.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Mar 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis Comparative StudyPain on injection with microemulsion propofol.
To evaluate the incidence and severity of injection pain caused by microemulsion propofol and lipid emulsion propofol in relation to plasma bradykinin generation and aqueous free propofol concentrations. ⋯ Higher aqueous free propofol concentrations of microemulsion propofol produce more frequent and severe pain. The plasma kallikrein-kinin system may not be involved, and the agents that reduce injection pain may not act by decreasing aqueous free propofol concentrations.
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A medial incision is a common surgical technique to obtain access to the abdomen. Thereby, the muscles involved in movement are manipulated, leading to post-operative restrictions in mobility and pain determined by movement. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the impact of a pre-operative training session using the Viv-Arte model, which is based on kinesthetic mobilisation principles. ⋯ There were no significant differences in the two groups related to the objectives. It is possible that the study groups or the operationalisation were not appropriate for testing the effects of the intervention. It seems important to continue to develop instruments that are appropriate for measuring the effect of mobility-related interventions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reduction of experimental muscle pain by passive physiological movements.
The analgesic effects of passive movements on deep-tissue pain have not been sufficiently explored in human studies. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of passive physiological movements (PPMs) on deep-tissue pain sensitivity. Seventeen healthy subjects were included in this randomised crossover study. ⋯ McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) was used to describe the quality of the induced pain. Compared with the control session PPM demonstrated: (1) a reduction of the experimental muscle pain intensity (VAS area and peak) and duration (17-31%, P<0.03), (2) lower MPQ score and a change in quality profile of experimental muscle pain (25%, P<0.01) and (3) an increased PPT (17%, P<0.0005). The present study demonstrated that PPM produced an immediate analgesic effect on deep-tissue pain indicating a possible involvement of neural inhibitory mechanisms.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialPostoperative pain and systemic inflammatory stress response after preoperative analgesia with clonidine or levobupivacaine: a randomized controlled trial.
With adequate control of perioperative pain it is possible to control central and peripheral inflammatory responses to surgery and influence patient outcomes. Use of analgesics before the pain stimulus (preventive analgesia) obstructs development of neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system and reduces pain. Our investigation hypothesis is that preoperative central (epidural or intrathecal) clonidine will reduce postoperative pain and the systemic inflammatory stress response more effectively than levobupivacaine. ⋯ These results support the importance of the central effect of clonidine on pain pathways and blockade of the systemic inflammatory stress response.