Articles: pain-measurement.
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Int J Obstet Anesth · Apr 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntradermal ketorolac for reduction of epidural back pain.
Between 30 and 45% of all parturients receiving epidural laboring analgesia complain of postpartum back pain. Although long-term or chronic back pain has been reported, our study focuses on acute or short-term back pain that resolves within 72 h. The purpose of this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation was to determine if a ketorolac/lidocaine intradermal anesthesia combination could decrease post-epidural back pain. ⋯ Demographics, mode of delivery and length of labor were similar between groups. Significantly lower verbal numeric scores were noted in the experimental group at the 24-h active measurements after vaginal delivery and at 24 and 72 h for both active and resting measurements after cesarean delivery. Based on these findings it can be recommended that intradermal ketorolac given at the time of epidural catheter placement may result in a reduction in post-epidural back pain in the parturient, especially in the event of cesarean delivery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Testing an instrument measuring Greek nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain.
This pretest-post-test study was conducted to test the construct validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain with Greek nurses. Forty-six registered nurses were randomly assigned to an expert or nonexpert group. The expert group viewed 4 translated educational videotapes about pain management. ⋯ Test-retest reliability for the 28 nonexpert nurses was r = 0.68, P < .001. Cronbach's alpha for the entire sample was 0.88 (n = 30) at the post-test. These results contribute to the validity and reliability of the Greek version of the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain and provide the basis for phase II of the study, which will use the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain to examine the state of pain management in an anticancer facility in Greece.
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J Manipulative Physiol Ther · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe reliability of multitest regimens with sacroiliac pain provocation tests.
Studies concerning the reliability of individual sacroiliac tests have inconsistent results. It has been suggested that the use of a test regimen is a more reliable form of diagnosis than individually performed tests. ⋯ A multitest regimen of 5 sacroiliac joint pain provocation tests is a reliable method to evaluate sacroiliac joint dysfunction, although further study is needed to assess the validity of this test method.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The additive impact of anxiety and a placebo on pain.
We investigated the effects of pain anxiety and a placebo/nocebo/neutral intervention on ice water-induced pain. ⋯ This study demonstrates that the interaction of the personality variable of pain anxiety with the placebo/nocebo response has an impact on pain, worry, and mood.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A new model of electrically evoked pain and hyperalgesia in human skin: the effects of intravenous alfentanil, S(+)-ketamine, and lidocaine.
The authors used the analgesics alfentanil, S(+)-ketamine, and systemic lidocaine to examine a new human model of experimental pain and hyperalgesia. ⋯ A new model of electrically induced pain and hyperalgesia was established, which enabled assessment of the time course of analgesic and antihyperalgesic effects with high temporal resolution and minimum tissue damage and which was further validated by use of common intravenous anesthetics.