Articles: dexmedetomidine.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Nov 2021
Multicenter StudyAge-Specific Dose Regimens of Dexmedetomidine for Pediatric Patients in Intensive Care Following Elective Surgery: A Phase 3, Multicenter, Open-Label Clinical Trial in Japan.
To demonstrate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine as a potential sedative for pediatric surgery patients in the ICU. ⋯ The age-specific dose regimens of dexmedetomidine without an initial loading dose achieved an adequate sedation level during mechanical ventilation and caused no clinically significant adverse events in the intensive care pediatric patients. These effects were achieved within the therapeutic range of dexmedetomidine plasma concentration and were accompanied by minimal effects on hemodynamics and respiration.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2021
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyAssociation of Pain With Atrial Fibrillation and Delirium After Cardiac Surgery: A DECADE Sub-Study.
The authors aimed to evaluate the effects of postoperative pain on the incidence of atrial fibrillation and delirium in patients having surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Atrial fibrillation and delirium was not associated with pain after cardiac surgery. Opioid use was not associated with atrial fibrillation and delirium. Because both atrial fibrillation and delirium have a multifactorial nature, further studies should be focused on other plausible mechanisms.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2021
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe Effect of Early Sedation With Dexmedetomidine on Body Temperature in Critically Ill Patients.
Previous case series reported an association between dexmedetomidine use and hyperthermia. Temperature data have not been systematically reported in previous randomized controlled trials evaluating dexmedetomidine. A causal link between dexmedetomidine administration and elevated temperature has not been demonstrated. ⋯ Our study suggests potentially important elevations in body temperature are associated with early dexmedetomidine sedation, in adults who are mechanically ventilated in the ICU.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Dexmedetomidine or Propofol for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Adults with Sepsis.
Guidelines currently recommend targeting light sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol for adults receiving mechanical ventilation. Differences exist between these sedatives in arousability, immunity, and inflammation. Whether they affect outcomes differentially in mechanically ventilated adults with sepsis undergoing light sedation is unknown. ⋯ Among mechanically ventilated adults with sepsis who were being treated with recommended light-sedation approaches, outcomes in patients who received dexmedetomidine did not differ from outcomes in those who received propofol. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01739933.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Balanced Opioid-free Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine versus Balanced Anesthesia with Remifentanil for Major or Intermediate Noncardiac Surgery.
It is speculated that opioid-free anesthesia may provide adequate pain control while reducing postoperative opioid consumption. However, there is currently no evidence to support the speculation. The authors hypothesized that opioid-free balanced anesthetic with dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative opioid-related adverse events compared with balanced anesthetic with remifentanil. ⋯ This trial refuted the hypothesis that balanced opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine, compared with remifentanil, would result in fewer postoperative opioid-related adverse events. Conversely, it did result in a greater incidence of serious adverse events, especially hypoxemia and bradycardia.