Articles: dexmedetomidine.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2024
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyDexmedetomidine Infusion Versus Placebo During Light or Deep Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Major Noncardiac Surgery: A Pilot Randomized Factorial Trial.
Postoperative delirium (POD) is common among older surgical patients and may be affected by dexmedetomidine and depth of anesthesia. We designed this pilot study to assess the feasibility of comparing dexmedetomidine with normal saline during light versus deep anesthesia on POD in older patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery. ⋯ The findings of this pilot study demonstrate the feasibility of assessing dexmedetomidine versus placebo during light versus deep anesthesia on POD among older patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery, and justify a multicenter randomized factorial trial.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Stress response during early sedation with dexmedetomidine compared with usual-care in ventilated critically ill patients.
Sedative agents may variably impact the stress response. Dexmedetomidine is a sympatholytic alpha2-adrenergic agonist mainly used as a second-line sedative agent in mechanically ventilated patients. We hypothesised that early sedation with dexmedetomidine as the primary agent would result in a reduced stress response compared to usual sedatives in critically ill ventilated adults. ⋯ Early sedation with dexmedetomidine as the primary sedative agent in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults resulted in comparable changes in physiological and blood-borne parameters associated with the stress-response as with usual-care sedation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effect of Sublingual Dexmedetomidine vs Placebo on Acute Agitation Associated With Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Acute agitation is common in patients with bipolar disorder and requires urgent management to relieve distress and to prevent escalation to aggressive behavior. ⋯ Among patients with mild to moderate agitation associated with bipolar disorder, treatment with a sublingual film formulation of dexmedetomidine 120 μg or 180 μg, compared with placebo, resulted in significantly greater reduction in the agitation score at 2 hours. Further research is needed to understand the spectrum of patients for whom this treatment would be effective and feasible and to better understand the clinical importance of the observed effect size.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A comparative study of dexmedetomidine and propofol to prevent recovery agitation in adults undergoing procedural sedation with ketamine: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol on ketamine-induced recovery agitation in adults when used as co-administration with ketamine. ⋯ In this study, a combination of ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-propofol reduced the incidence and severity of ketamine-induced recovery agitation in adults undergoing procedural sedation in the ED.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Nov 2021
Multicenter StudyAge-Specific Dose Regimens of Dexmedetomidine for Pediatric Patients in Intensive Care Following Elective Surgery: A Phase 3, Multicenter, Open-Label Clinical Trial in Japan.
To demonstrate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine as a potential sedative for pediatric surgery patients in the ICU. ⋯ The age-specific dose regimens of dexmedetomidine without an initial loading dose achieved an adequate sedation level during mechanical ventilation and caused no clinically significant adverse events in the intensive care pediatric patients. These effects were achieved within the therapeutic range of dexmedetomidine plasma concentration and were accompanied by minimal effects on hemodynamics and respiration.