Articles: nerve-block.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAxillary brachial plexus block using peripheral nerve stimulator: a comparison between double- and triple-injection techniques.
The multiple-injection technique for axillary block, in which the main 4 nerves of the plexus are located by a nerve stimulator and separately injected, has been shown to produce a high success rate. However, this technique may prove to be more difficult and time-consuming than other methods. Therefore, a simplified technique, with a reduced number of injections, might be desirable. A comparison between 2- and 3-injection techniques was made in the present double-blind study. ⋯ The 2-injection technique offers a success rate in blocking the 3 nerves innervating the hand similar to that obtained with the 3-injection technique. The latter approach should be considered when the musculocutaneous nerve distribution is involved in the surgical area.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialAnatomic considerations in relation to the maxillary nerve block.
To determine the length of the needle that should be used to reach the maxillary nerve after the lateral pterygoid plate has been contacted. ⋯ The needle should not be advanced by more than approximately 0.25 cm beyond the distance to the pterygoid plate while performing maxillary nerve block by the lateral extraoral approach.
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Review Case Reports
Grand mal convulsion and plasma concentrations after intravascular injection of ropivacaine for axillary brachial plexus blockade.
We report a patient to whom ropivacaine 1.1 mg kg(-1) was administered for brachial plexus blockade and who developed grand mal convulsions because of inadvertent i.v. injection. No symptoms of cardiovascular toxicity occurred. ⋯ The measured total plasma concentrations of ropivacaine were 3.3, 1.6, 1.2 and 1.0 mg litre(-1) respectively. Initial plasma concentration after the end of the injection period was estimated at 5.75 mg litre(-1) using a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model.