Articles: nerve-block.
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General anaesthesia and peripheral neuronal blockade are techniques which were introduced into clinical practice at the same time. Although general anaesthesia was accepted significantly faster due to effective new drugs and apparent ease of handling, neuronal blockade has recently gained great importance. The reasons are in particular newer aids such as industrially produced catheter sets, nerve stimulators and ultrasound guidance which have facilitated that these economical techniques can be used not only for intraoperative anaesthesia but also for perioperative analgesia without any major risks for the patients. ⋯ By using low concentrations of these potent drugs even for a longer period of time, no toxic plasma levels are seen with the exception of artificial intravasal injections. Additives such as opioids and alpha 2-sympathomimetics are also used. While the use of opioids is controversial, alpha 2-sympathomimetics are able to accelerate the onset and to extend the duration of regional anaesthesia and analgesia.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · May 2001
Comparative StudyPhenol block of peripheral nerve conduction: Titrating for optimum effect.
To verify the dose-response relationship in phenol nerve block and to determine the concentration and volume of phenol injectate required for effective nerve conduction block. ⋯ The nerve block effect of phenol can be titrated by adjusting the concentration and volume of phenol solution if the technique of application and localization of a block site are standardized.
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We present a case of a 46-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed herpes zoster of the right eighth cervical nerve. Her whole right forearm, hand and the first through fifth fingers were coated with some gel and protected against pain. ⋯ Reduction of pain and edema as well as improvement in mobility of each joint of her right upper extremity was observed. We suspect that SGB, continuous cervical epidural block and ulnar nerve block are effective and useful alternative treatments in a patient with PHN associated with CRPS of the eighth cervical nerve.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2001
Inclusion of lignocaine base into a polar lipid formulation--in vitro release, duration of peripheral nerve block and arterial blood concentrations in the rat.
Slow-release formulations of local anaesthetics may produce nerve blocks of long duration. The present study aimed at investigating the in vitro and in vivo properties of a polar lipid formulation for slow release of lignocaine and the effects on nerve block duration by inclusion of dexamethasone into the system. ⋯ Our findings indicate that lignocaine base in polar lipids acts as a slow-release preparation of local anaesthetic both in vitro and in vivo.