Articles: nerve-block.
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Case Reports
Superficial cervical block for cervical node biopsy in a child with a large mediastinal mass.
In patients with mediastinal masses, regional anaesthesia may be used for peripheral procedures. We have found the superficial cervical plexus block, when used with midazolam as an amnestic and anxiolytic agent, to be safe, reliable and well-tolerated alternative to general anaesthesia in pediatric patients with mediastinal masses.
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Continuous axillary nerve block was used to relieve pain after a chemical burn to the arm in a child on mechanical ventilation after liver transplantation. The analgesia was sufficient to replace parenteral analgesia and allow extubation.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 1994
Incidence and clinical significance of hemidiaphragmatic paresis in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy during cervical plexus block anesthesia.
This study was designed to investigate the incidence and clinical consequences of hemidiaphragmatic paresis in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy using cervical plexus block anesthesia. In 28 patients, diaphragmatic motion was evaluated by fluoroscopy 20 min after cervical plexus block with 1% mepivacaine. ⋯ These motion anomalies were associated with a statistically significant elevation of PaCO2. Gender, age, and whether the block was on the left or right side did not appear to affect the incidence of motion abnormalities after cervical plexus block anesthesia.
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Langenbecks Arch Chir · Jan 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[A concept for decreasing postoperative pain after inguinal hernia operation].
In Germany approximately 150,000 inguinal hernias are surgically corrected every year. In addition to developing an optimum operation technique it is also the responsibility of a surgeon to treat pain during and after surgery. In a prospective random double-blind study, the pain after herniotomy performed with intraoperative anesthesia of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves with a long-acting local anesthetic combined with a vasoconstrictor was compared by means of scores on a scale from 1 to 10 with pain in a control group. ⋯ An optimum pain therapy therefore has to start during surgery. Use of a local anesthetic is especially suitable. Side effects of systemic analgesics are avoided, and perioperative risks of ambulant hernia surgery can be reduced.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Retrobulbar block fails to prevent an increase in serum cortisol concentration on emergence from anaesthesia after cataract surgery.
We have studied 30 elderly patients undergoing cataract surgery, allocated randomly to receive general anesthesia, local anaesthesia by retrobulbar block or general anaesthesia combined with retrobulbar block given after induction. Retrobulbar block alone prevented the increases in circulating cortisol and glucose values which occurred in those patients receiving general anaesthesia alone. Retrobulbar block given after induction of general anaesthesia, however, suppressed the cortisol and glucose response during surgery, but did not prevent a marked increase in cortisol concentrations during the immediate postoperative period. The results suggest a hormonal response to emergence from anaesthesia which has hitherto been masked by the stress response to surgery itself.