Articles: nerve-block.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
The effects of adding adrenaline to etidocaine and lignocaine in extradural anaesthesia I: block characteristics and cardiovascular effects.
The addition of adrenaline 5 mug/ml, 1 : 200 000 to 1% etidocaine hydrochloride administered extradurally (L2-3) shortened significantly the onset time for sensory blockade, particularly with respect to the spread of the analgesia from the injection site, and shortened the already rapid onset of motor block. Etidocaine hydrochloride 1% plain caused a slower onset of block, laster longer and produced more profound analgesia over the caudal dermatomes than did 2% lignocaine hydrochloride. ⋯ With regard to cardiovascular variables, there were no significant differences between subjects receiving the plain etidocaine and the plain lignocaine. However, subjects receiving etidocaine with adrenaline exhibited increased cardiac stimulation and a decrease in total peripheral resistance over the first 150 min.
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Emergency treatment of foot injuries can be made less painful by regional block anesthesia. There is limited medical literature on these techniques and many physicians, while familiar with regional anesthesia of the upper extremity, are not experienced with nerve blocks in the lower extremity. ⋯ Regional anesthesia avoids both of these problems and can prove effective and useful. This paper discusses the techniques and possible complications of nerve block anesthesia of the foot.
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Intercostal nerve blocks with 0-5 per cent bupivicaine were used for post operative pain relief in 100 patients having upper abdominal operations. The blocks were very effective in 86 patients and had an average duration of 11 hours. Two asymptomatic pneumothoraces occurred.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 1976
Comparative StudyPost-thoracotomy intercostal block: comparison of its effects on pulmonary function with those of intramuscular meperidine.
Study of 34 patients who had undergone thoracotomy revealed that the group given intercostal nerve block analgesia had a significantly smaller decline in vital capacity after operation than did the group given narcotic analgesia only. The postoperative increase in arterial CO2 tension of the nerve block group also was significantly smaller than that of the narcotic group. The study suggests that intercostal nerve block for post-thoracotomy analgesia offers some advantage in preserving effort-dependent pulmonary function when compared with postoperative narcotic analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Efficacy of a nerve stimulator in regional analgesia; experience in a resident training programme.
Forty interscalene brachial plexus regional blocks and twenty sciatic-femoral lower limb blocks were performed by 1st and 2nd year anaesthesia residents. Nerve trunk location was equally but randomly divided between use of a peripheral nerve stimulator and reliance on paraesthesiae. ⋯ It is concluded that the stimulator is not a useful adjunct for nerve location, except in those patients who are unable to co-operate in eliciting paraesthesia. In such patients the stimulator permits a comparable success rate.