Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The neonatal neurobehavioral effects of bupivacaine, mepivacaine, and 2-chloroprocaine used for pudendal block.
The neonatal neurobehavioral effects of bupivacaine, mepivacaine, and 2-chloroprocaine used in random sequence for pudendal block anesthesia were studied. The neurobehavioral status of 54 infants was studied 4 and 24 hours after delivery. ⋯ Mean mepivacaine levels in neonatal capillary blood at 4 hours of age were low (0.10 +/- .02 microgram/ml) compared with those in previous studies because of the short interval between maternal injection and delivery (13 +/- 3 min). Bupivacaine gave higher neonatal capillary blood levels (0.15 microgram/ml at 4 hours of age) than previously reported, but the drug still produced no detectable neonatal neurobehavioral effects.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Apr 1980
Comparative Study Clinical Trial[0.75% and 0.5% bupivacaine in peridural lumbar block for surgery on the lower abdomen; a double-blind comparison and myographic study].
A double blind study has been carried out on 40 patients subjected to peridural block with 0.50% and 0.75% bupivacaine for operations on the low abdomen. While no significant differences were observed with regard to the latency and duration of anaesthetic action, 0.75% marcaine was more effective as regards the duration and degree of motor block. This result was also confirmed by an electromyographic study of the muscles of the hypothenar eminence.
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A technique employing a nerve stimulator and an insulated needle was used for supraclavicular brachial plexus block in 71 patients using 0.5% plain bupivacaine 15-20 ml. The mean minimal stimulating current to produce paraesthesia was 0.09 mA. The plexus was identified at a mean depth of 27 mm below the skin. The block was successful in 98% of patients when the stimulation was felt in the index, middle or ring finger, but was often incomplete when felt in the thumb or little finger.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Cryoanalgesia for post-thoracotomy pain.
Intercostal block by a freezing technique was compared with blockade by local anaesthetics or no blockade as a method of treating post-thoracotomy pain. The 15 patients who received cryotherapy had significantly less postoperative pain than the 9 patients whose nerves were blocked by local anaesthetics or who did not receive any nerve block. The interruption of nerve function produced by cryotherapy was temporary (not more than 30 days), and there were no adverse sequelae.