Articles: hyperalgesia.
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Although the behavioral response to pain is complex and involves supraspinal processes, assessment of pain symptoms in animal models still mainly relies on reflex-based nociceptive tests, which do not account for the affective-motivational nor cognitive components of pain. We introduce a double avoidance place preference paradigm, an integrated testing procedure in freely moving rats that relies on the conflict between the avoidance of a dark compartment in which a thermal ramp is activated, and the escape towards an aversive brightly lit compartment. We were able to differentiate the first nociceptive threshold from the temperature of definitive escape from the dark compartment, conveying information on the adaptive behavior of animals. ⋯ In animals exhibiting hyperalgesia following intraplantar complete Freund adjuvant injection, escape thresholds were significantly higher than that of control animals, hinting at a maladaptive affective-motivational response to noxious stimulation. However, in cuff animals, we failed to reveal any hot nociceptive hypersensitivity, but animals exhibited a strong adaptive response to cold simulation upon reexposure. Overall, the proposed paradigm allows for an integrated cortical response leading to a proactive avoidance behavior, while fully complying with ethical standards in animal experimentation.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Feb 2025
Effect of estazolam plus remimazolam on attenuating preoperative anxiety and remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia in elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a randomized clinical trial.
Preoperative anxiety is closely related to opioid-induced hyperalgesia, and high levels of preoperative anxiety have the potential to aggravate opioid-induced hyperalgesia. We aimed to estimate the effect of estazolam, remimazolam, and their combination on preoperative anxiety and opioid-induced hyperalgesia in patients undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery. ⋯ The preoperative application of estazolam, remimazolam, and their combination can relieve preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain for patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Moreover, the preoperative combination can also significantly reduce postoperative sufentanil consumption.
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The cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus(CSF-contacting nucleus) is a pair of unique nuclei in the brain parenchyma which has long been demonstrated to play an important role in pain signal processing. However, the mechanisms by which the CSF-contacting nucleus intervenes in pain is unclear. The NRG1-ErbB4 signaling plays an important role in the nervous system and has been shown to be involved in the regulation of pain. ⋯ With immunofluorescence staining and Western blot, the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in the CSF-contacting nucleus showed upregulated during the acute pain phase. And, activating NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in the CSF-contacting nucleus specifically by intracranial injection of drugs, the naïve mice displayed thermal hyperalgesia while inhibiting this signaling by intracranial injection could reverse the hyperalgesia caused by CSF-contacting nucleus activation, and execute an analgesic effect during the painful phase in mice. Our study suggested that the CSF-contacting nucleus plays a regulatory role in thermal pain in mice via NRG1-ErbB4 signaling.
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Sensory profiling in neuropathic pain using quantitative sensory testing (QST) has not been extended to central neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury (SCI). This study aims to fill this gap by evaluating sensory profiles in patients with neuropathic SCI pain. ⋯ The evaluation of sensory phenotypes by quantitative sensory testing in central neuropathic pain due to SCI adds a new perspective on sensory phenotypes in comparison to peripheral neuropathic pain. The described thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia combination might represent involvement of the spinothalamic tract. In addition, there was a trend towards older age and longer time since injury in patients with loss of function.
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Painful neuropathy is a pathological condition caused by numerous factors including diabetes, chemotherapy or cancer. ART26.12 is a novel fatty acid-binding protein 5 inhibitor, which our group showed could prevent and treat persistent pain in a preclinical model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. ⋯ This work now shows that ART26.12, a novel and selective inhibitor of FABP5, can prevent and treat multiple preclinical models of peripheral neuropathy. Given its excellent safety profile, further work is warranted to develop ART26.12 as a potential therapeutic tool for pain management.