Articles: adolescent.
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Memory biases for pain-related information may contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain; however, evidence for when (and for whom) these biases occur is mixed. Therefore, we examined neural, stress, and psychological factors that could influence memory bias, focusing on memories that motivate disabling behaviors: pain perception, conditioned responses to threat-and-safety cues, and responses to aversive nonnoxious stimuli. Two studies were conducted with adolescents with and without chronic pain. ⋯ However, no memory bias was present for the emotional response to an aversive stimulus (US; loud scream) or for the recall of pain intensity. Functional connectivity of the amygdala and hippocampus with memory circuits related to the degree of memory bias, but the specific connections varied between the studies, and we observed no relationship between memory bias and brain morphology. Our findings highlight the value of considering the interaction between implicit and explicit memory systems, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of emotional memory biases in the context of chronic pain.
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The mechanisms underlying esketamine's therapeutic effects remain elusive. The study aimed to explore the impact of single esketamine treatment on LPS-induced adolescent depressive-like behaviors and the role of Nrf2 regulated neuroinflammatory response in esketamine-produced rapid antidepressant efficacy. ⋯ Esketamine treatment exerts rapid antidepressant effects and attenuates neuroinflammation in LPS-induced adolescent depressive-like behaviors, potentially through the activation of Nrf2-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact on Quality of Life of Full-Time and Night-Time Braces in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Randomized clinical trial. ⋯ According to our results, both braces are equally effective in avoiding the progression of the deformity and need for surgery. However, FT brace has a higher impact on self-image and pain compared with NT brace.
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A genetic case-control study. ⋯ SNP rs10738445 were significantly associated with brace treatment effectiveness. The other four SNPs were not significantly associated with the outcome of bracing. More SNPs and predictors should be included in future study to develop a more accurate predictive model for clinical application.