Articles: chronic.
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The United States faces a crisis because of the high prevalence of chronic pain, concurrent opioid use disorder, and overdose deaths. Prescription opioids remain a primary driver of opioid-related deaths. Craving is a core symptom of addiction, yet the degree to which craving plays a role in prescription opioid use among patients with chronic pain is unknown. ⋯ We also found that craving had a small association with morphine equivalent daily dose and pain severity but was more strongly associated with depression. Craving of prescription opioids among veterans with chronic pain is complex. Findings are discussed in relation to chronic pain symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and demographics.
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Attentional deficits in patients with chronic pain are common and well studied. Yet, few studies have examined the effects of chronic pain on more complex cognitive abilities that rely on well-functioning attentional systems. With the current study, we aimed to investigate whether the impact of chronic pain on attention affects creative ideation as measured with an adaptation of the alternate uses task (AUT). ⋯ Chronic pain negatively affects attention and more complex cognitive abilities. However, the underlying psychophysiological mechanisms and the role of attention as a source of these impairments in more complex abilities are poorly understood. By analyzing task-related power changes in the EEG, the role of internal attention in creative ideation could be determined, revealing the functional relationship between chronic pain, attention, and a more complex cognitive ability.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2022
Acute kidney injury in intensive care patients: Incidence, time course, and risk factors.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent and influences the prognosis of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, time-course, risk factors, and mortality of AKI among unselected ICU patients. ⋯ In our material, the incidence of AKI was comparable to what has been reported previously. Risk factors for the development of AKI were a MAP below 73, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and higher body weight. Most AKI patients regain their kidney function during the ICU stay, particularly in the KDIGO AKI stages 1 and 2.