Articles: chronic.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Prevalence, Treatment and Outcomes Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Patients Hospitalized with Pneumonia.
OSA is associated with increased risks of respiratory complications following surgery. However, its relationship to the outcomes of hospitalized medical patients is unknown. ⋯ Among patients hospitalized for pneumonia, OSA is associated with higher initial rates of mechanical ventilation, increased risk of clinical deterioration, and higher resource use, yet a modestly lower risk of inpatient mortality.
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The respiratory tract of human subjects is constantly exposed to harmful microbes and air pollutants. The immune system responds to these offenders to protect the host, but an unbalanced inflammatory response itself may promote tissue damage and ultimately lead to acute and chronic respiratory diseases. ⋯ Assembly of these intracellular danger sensors in cells of the respiratory mucosa and alveolar compartment triggers a proinflammatory cell death mode termed pyroptosis and leads to secretion of bioactive IL-1β and IL-18. Here, we summarize and review the inflammasome and its downstream effectors as therapeutic targets for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
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Reduced pulmonary arterial compliance (Ca) is a marker of poor prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that pulmonary arterial Ca could be a predictor of outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). ⋯ Pulmonary arterial Ca is a strong prognostic indicator in patients with CHF with sLVD. Most importantly, its prognostic role is retained in patients with normal pulmonary vascular resistance.
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Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a common consequence of amputation and is difficult to treat. Mirror therapy (MT), a procedure utilizing the visual recreation of movement of a lost limb by moving the intact limb in front of a mirror, has been shown to be effective in reducing PLP. However, the neural correlates of this effect are not known. ⋯ Experienced body appearance seems to be an important predictor of mirror treatment effectiveness. Maladaptive changes in cortical organization are reversed during mirror treatment, which also alters activity in the IPC, a region involved in painful perceptions and in the perceived relatedness to an observed limb.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · May 2014
Comparative StudyClinical Effectiveness of Percutaneous Adhesiolysis Versus Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in Patients With Postlumbar Surgery Syndrome.
A number of patients with postlumbar surgery syndrome (PLSS) do not experience satisfactory results after epidural injection. A main reason for failure is surgically induced perineural fibrosis impeding injected material from spreading effectively into the target area. Percutaneous adhesiolysis (PA) has the ability to eliminate the deleterious effects of such adhesions. This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PA versus transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) for treating patients with PLSS and to compare the clinical efficacy of PA according to the type of surgery. ⋯ Percutaneous adhesiolysis was more effective than TFESI in treating patients with PLSS and also showed better clinical efficacy in the decompression subgroup than in the fusion subgroup.