Articles: postoperative.
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The objective was to assess changes over time in prescriptions filled for nonopioid analgesics for older postoperative patients in the immediate postdischarge period. The authors hypothesized that the number of patients who filled a nonopioid analgesic prescription increased during the study period. ⋯ The proportion of postoperative patients who fill prescriptions for nonopioid analgesics has increased. However, rather than a move to use of nonopioids alone for analgesia, this represents a shift away from combination medications toward separate prescriptions for opioids and nonopioids.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2023
Preoperative Identification of Patient-Dependent Blood Pressure Targets Associated With Low Risk of Intraoperative Hypotension During Noncardiac Surgery.
Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is strongly linked to organ system injuries and postoperative death. Blood pressure itself is a powerful predictor of IOH; however, it is unclear which pressures carry the lowest risk and may be leveraged to prevent subsequent hypotension. Our objective was to develop a model that predicts, before surgery and according to a patient's unique characteristics, which intraoperative mean arterial pressures (MAPs) between 65 and 100 mm Hg have a low risk of IOH, defined as an MAP <65 mm Hg, and may serve as testable hemodynamic targets to prevent IOH. ⋯ We demonstrate that IOH risk specific to a given MAP is patient-dependent, but predictable before surgery. Our model can identify intraoperative MAP targets before surgery predicted to reduce a patient's exposure to IOH, potentially allowing clinicians to develop more personalized approaches for managing hemodynamics.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of 5% EMLA Cream on Postoperative Sore Throat in Adults Following General Endotracheal Anesthesia: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a distressing complaint in adults after endotracheal intubation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical application of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream over the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff on the incidence and severity of POST, cough, and hoarseness of voice in adults after surgery. ⋯ The application of EMLA cream over ETT cuff reduces the incidence and severity of POST, cough, and hoarseness of voice in adults after general anesthesia in the early postoperative period compared to lubricant gel.
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Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a global issue associated with potentially debilitating long-term consequences, including chronic low back pain (LBP). Short-term outcomes (<2 years) of patients with LDH have been extensively studied and demonstrate improvements in back and leg pain for both operative and conservative management. However, these improvements may not be sustained long-term (>2 years); patients with LDH may develop recurrent disc herniations, progressive degenerative disc disease, and LBP regardless of management strategy. Therefore, our objective is to determine the prevalence of chronic LBP after LDH, understand the relationship between LDH and chronic LBP, and investigate the relationship between radiological findings and postoperative pain outcomes. ⋯ Patients with LDH are more likely to experience long-term LBP compared to the general population (46.2% vs. 11.9%). Additionally, understanding the relationship between radiological findings and pain outcomes remains a major challenge as the presence of radiological changes and the degree of LBP do not always correlate. Therefore, higher quality studies are needed to better understand the relationship between radiological findings and pain outcomes.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2023
Benefit of epidural analgesia for postoperative pain control after a Kasai Portoenterostomy: A ten-year retrospective cohort study.
Biliary atresia is a rare obstructive cholangiopathy that presents in infants. The Kasai portoenterostomy procedure, which reestablishes biliary drainage into the intestine, is a surgical procedure that has been found to improve survival with the native liver. The options for postoperative analgesia include systemic opioids and epidural analgesia. The primary objective of this study was to compare the postoperative systemic opioids used in morphine equivalents (mg/kg) on postoperative days 0 through 3 between patients who underwent a Kasai portoenterostomy and received a thoracic epidural infusion to those without thoracic epidural analgesia. ⋯ In our cohort study, continuous thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing a Kasai portoenterostomy was associated with lower postoperative opioid use. We also observed that the epidural group had a lower ICU admission rate and a lower rate of postoperative supplemental oxygen requirement over the first three postoperative days.