Articles: prospective-studies.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffective analgesia after bilateral tubal ligation.
Postpartum bilateral tubal ligation is a brief surgical procedure with minimal tissue injury, yet postoperative recovery times and analgesia requirements are often disproportionately large. To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of local anesthetic infiltration, 20 parturients scheduled for elective minilaparotomy and bilateral tubal ligation with either spinal or epidural anesthesia participated in this prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. All patients received IV metoclopramide 10 mg and ketorolac 60 mg intraoperatively, as well as preincisional infiltration of the infraumbilical skin incision with 0.5% bupivacaine. Infiltration of bilateral uterine tubes and mesosalpinx was performed with either 0.5% bupivacaine (n = 10) or isotonic sodium chloride solution (saline) (n = 10). IV meperidine (25 mg every 3 min as needed) was given to treat pain in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). The total amount of meperidine administered in the PACU was significantly larger in the saline group than in the bupivacaine group. Pain scores at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 min postoperatively and on the seventh postoperative day were significantly lower in the bupivacaine group than in the saline group. During tubal ligation, infiltration of uterine tubes and mesosalpinx with 0.5% bupivacaine significantly enhanced analgesia both in the immediate postoperative setting and on the seventh postoperative day compared with infiltration with sodium chloride. ⋯ During bilateral tubal ligation with either spinal or epidural anesthesia, preemptive analgesia using IV ketorolac, IV metoclopramide, and infiltration of the incised skin and uterine tubes with 0.5% bupivacaine allowed 9 of 10 patients to recover with no pain, nausea, vomiting, or cramping and to maintain good analgesia for 7 days postoperatively.
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J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs · Jan 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComfort measures in breastfeeding, primiparous women.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Are reminder stickers effective in reducing immunization dropout rates in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia?
A field trial to assess the effectiveness of a reminder sticker in reducing immunization dropout rates was conducted in two districts of Addis Ababa between 14 October 1991 and 31 January 1992. A total of 703 children were entered into the study. The study population was randomly divided into intervention and control groups. ⋯ This difference is clinically and statistically (P < 0.01) significant. Therefore, it is concluded that the reminder sticker is effective in reducing immunization dropout rates. Further investigations under operational conditions are recommended prior to the routine introduction of stickers into the immunization services.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAntibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis in children in developing countries.
We carried out a study to investigate the effectiveness of chloramphenicol alone as a treatment for bacterial meningitis. A total of 70 consecutive children aged > 3 months with bacterial meningitis, who had been admitted to the paediatric hospital of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, were randomized to receive chloramphenicol alone or chloramphenicol + penicillin. The two groups were matched with each other. ⋯ The mean duration of intravenous therapy, the number of intravenous cannulae used per patient, and the incidence of thrombophlebitis were significantly higher for the group that received the combination therapy. Also, the cost of using chloramphenicol + penicillin was four times higher than that of chloramphenicol alone. Hence, chloramphenicol alone was as effective as chloramphenicol + penicillin and much cheaper and more convenient to use.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPropofol anaesthesia versus paracervical blockade with alfentanil and midazolam sedation for outpatient abortion.
Propofol anaesthesia was compared with paracervical blockade in a prospective, randomized study of 59 abortion patients. All the patients received alfentanil 0.01 mg/kg i.v. at the start of anaesthesia and were randomized into two groups. Group R (regional, 31 patients): midazolam 0.1 mg/kg i.v. and paracervical blockade with 2 x 10 ml of mepivacaine 20 mg/ml + adrenaline 0.005 mg/ml. ⋯ Except for a better p-deletion score 30 min after the procedure in Group G, there was no difference in recovery function between the groups. Of the patients in Group G, 67% experienced postoperative pain compared with 23% in Group R. Maximum serum mepivacaine concentration (Group R) was reached at 15-30 min, range 1.5-5 micrograms/ml.