Articles: prospective-studies.
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Comparative Study
Factors associated with preterm delivery among pregnant adolescents.
The purpose was to identify characteristics of pregnant adolescents associated with preterm delivery. We studied 126 poor, black, 12 through 18-year-old pregnant adolescents and compared the prevalence of potentially high-risk maternal characteristics and obstetric complications in those who bore preterm and term infants. ⋯ Five maternal characteristics--conception within 3 years of menarche, a low body mass index, a past history of physical or sexual abuse, a socially deviant father of the baby, and vaginal bleeding during the first 8 weeks of gestation--were associated with preterm delivery. A theoretical model is proposed and the therapeutic implication of the study findings.
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Fertility and sterility · Apr 1993
Effects of a 1-year treatment with a low-dose combined oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone acetate on glucose and insulin metabolism.
To study the effects of the slightly estrogen-dominant monophasic low-dose oral contraceptive (OC) Diane-35 (Schering AG, Berlin, Germany) (35 micrograms ethinyl estradiol [EE2] + 2 mg cyproterone acetate, a 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone derivative [17-OHP]) on glucose and insulin metabolism. ⋯ These results suggest that a 1-year treatment with the OC Diane-35, which contains EE2 + a 17-OHP rather than a 19-nortestosterone derivative as the progestogen compound, does not significantly alter peripheral (presumably muscular) insulin sensitivity but slightly increases insulin (presumably hepatic) clearance.
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To determine the prevalence, clinical correlates, and outcome of hypoxaemia in acutely ill children with respiratory symptoms. ⋯ Over half the children presenting to this referral hospital with respiratory symptoms were hypoxaemic. A group of specific clinical signs seem useful in predicting hypoxaemia. The clear association of hypoxaemia with mortality suggests that the detection and effective treatment of hypoxaemia are important aspects of the clinical management of acute infections of the lower respiratory tract in children in hospital in developing regions.
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Many studies investigated patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in the postoperative period in recovery rooms under anaesthesiologic monitoring but reports on the advantages and indications of PCA in surgical wards are scarce. The aim of this prospective study therefore was to investigate PCA as a routine technique in surgical wards. In particular we were interested in safety and in the efficacy of analgesia. ⋯ We conclude that PCA with piritramide is a safe technique when performed under routine conditions on surgical wards. However, standardized monitoring is mandatory. PCA leads to effective analgesia and consequently to greater comfort of surgical patients in the postoperative period. These conclusions hold only for patients with ASA status I-II who have undergone operations of the types listed above.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Feb 1993
Multicenter StudyPreliminary report of unexpected local reactions to a progestogen-releasing contraceptive vaginal ring.
This is the first report of vaginal erythematous areas associated with the use of a levonorgestrel-releasing contraceptive ring. Of 139 female subjects, 48 developed lesions of varying size and degrees of redness. Sixteen of these have undergone serial colposcopy and thirteen have also had biopsy examinations, which revealed acetowhite areas and, histologically, chronic inflammation with widely dilated vessels and frequently with thinning of the epithelium. The cause remains uncertain but hormonal, chemical and physical effects might all have a role.