Articles: postoperative-complications.
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Surgery under anesthesia poses a significant stress to the body, and postoperative complications occur in up to 20% of cases. An understanding of postoperative complications, including assessment of patients at risk, risk mitigation, early recognition, and evidence-based treatment, is essential to provide high-value health care. Common postoperative complications reviewed in this article include fever, cerebrovascular accident, nausea and vomiting, ileus, and urinary retention, including discussion of pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment.
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Review Meta Analysis
Incidence and relative risk of delirium after major surgery for patients with pre-operative depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Patients with past depression or depressive-symptoms preoperatively have significantly greater risk of post-operative delirium (RR 1.91, 95% CI 1.68-2.17).
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2024
Review Meta AnalysisPaediatric postoperative acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Paediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant adverse outcomes such as increased mortality, progression to chronic kidney disease and longer length of stay in hospital. Postoperative AKI is a common and recognized complication after surgery in adults. In the paediatric population, AKI postoperatively to cardiac surgery has been extensively studied. However, the incidence of postoperative AKI after non-cardiac surgery is less clear. Therefore, we aim to assess the available literature on this topic. ⋯ This systematic review aims to investigate the incidence of postoperative AKI in the paediatric non-cardiac surgery population. The results of this review will provide a foundation for future research in the field of paediatric postoperative AKI.
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Med. Clin. North Am. · Nov 2024
ReviewThe Geriatric Patient: Frailty, Prehabilitation, and Postoperative Delirium.
Historically and for ease of classification, the geriatric patient has received a chronologic definition of a person 65 years and older. Chronologic age remains an independent risk of postoperative complications and adverse surgical outcomes. ⋯ The concept of prehabilitation has shown promise as a proactive approach to optimize a patient's functional, cognitive, nutritional, and emotional in preparation for surgical interventions. Postoperative delirium is the most common neuropsychological complication after surgery.
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Med. Clin. North Am. · Nov 2024
ReviewEvaluation and Management of Perioperative Pulmonary Complications.
Pulmonary complications are very common after noncardiac surgery and can be easily overlooked. If not properly screened for or evaluated these can in many instances lead to postoperative respiratory failure or even death. Decisions regarding ambulatory versus inpatient surgery, modality of anesthesia, protective ventilation and method of weaning, type of analgesia, and postoperative monitoring can be crucial to avoid such complications.