Articles: calcium-gluconate-therapeutic-use.
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Observational Study
Application of calcium nebulization for mass exposure to an accidental hydrofluoric acid spill.
To determine the long-term prevalence and characteristics of acute hydrofluoric acid (HF) exposure in 2223 patients during the first 30 months after a mass-casualty exposure, and to confirm the antidotal effect of nebulized calcium on inhalation burns caused by HF. ⋯ Respiratory toxicity after mass exposure to an HF spill was successfully treated by calcium nebulizer. Based on our experience, detoxification processes and the amounts of antidote stocked are important when planning for future chemical disasters at the community level.
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Case Reports
Successful treatment of propafenone-induced cardiac arrest by calcium gluconate: A case report.
Propafenone is prescribed for the control of cardiac ventricular arrhythmias. Poisoning from propafenone intoxication is rare, but the survival rate of patients is low. We present a case of a 37-year-old man who developed cardiac arrest due to propafenone intoxication. ⋯ After repeated administrations of calcium gluconate, the patient achieved a full recovery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report in which a full recovery from cardiac arrest was achieved by administration of calcium gluconate. We recommend that for patients poisoned by propafenone, close monitoring for decreased blood calcium is important.
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Case Reports
Acute symptomatic hypocalcemia from immune checkpoint therapy-induced hypoparathyroidism.
Ipilimumab (a monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4) and nivolumab (a humanized antibody against PD-1) target these immune checkpoint pathways and are used for treatment of melanoma and an increasing number of other cancers. However, they may cause immune-related adverse effects (IRAEs). Although many endocrinopathies are known to be IRAEs, primary hypoparathyroidism with severe hypocalcemia has never been reported. This is the first case of hypoparathyroidism as an IRAE presenting to an Emergency Department with acute hypocalcemia. ⋯ Primary hypoparathyroidism caused by ipilimumab and nivolumab may acute manifest with severe symptomatic hypocalcemia. Emergency care providers should be aware of hypoparathyroidism as a new IRAE in this new era of immuno-oncology.