Articles: reflex-drug-effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Penehyclidine mitigates postoperative nausea and vomiting and intraoperative oculocardiac reflex in patients undergoing strabismus surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most frequent complications following strabismus surgery. Penehyclidine, an anticholinergic agent, is widely used as premedication. This study investigated the effect of preoperative penehyclidine on PONV in patients undergoing strabismus surgery. ⋯ Penehyclidine administrated after anesthesia induction significantly reduced the incidence of PONV and alleviated intraoperative OCR in patients undergoing strabismus surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Sevoflurane is an effective adjuvant to propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia for attenuating cough reflex in nonintubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Nonintubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has been widely developed during the recent years. Cough reflex is an inevitably encountered problem while approaching lung lesions, and it may induce major bleeding. Sevoflurane anesthesia may attenuate cough reflex by inhibiting the pulmonary irritant receptors. However, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in inhalational anesthesia is higher than in the propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). We investigated the effect of sevoflurane combination with propofol-based TIVA on cough reflex and PONV in nonintubated VATS. ⋯ Sevoflurane attenuated cough reflex under propofol-based TIVA and did not increase the incidence of PONV and extubation time in nonintubated VATS.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyInfluence of Depth of Hypnosis on Pupillary Reactivity to a Standardized Tetanic Stimulus in Patients Under Propofol-Remifentanil Target-Controlled Infusion: A Crossover Randomized Pilot Study.
Pupillometry allows the measurement of pupillary diameter variations in response to nociceptive stimuli. This technique has been used to monitor the balance between analgesia and nociception. Under general anesthesia, the amplitude of pupillary dilation is related to the amount of administered opioids. The objective of this study was to determine whether at a constant infusion rate of opioids, the pupillary response was influenced by depth of hypnosis assessed by the bispectral index (BIS). ⋯ In patients receiving a constant infusion of remifentanil at a target concentration of 1 ng/mL, pupillary dilation after a standardized tetanic stimulation was influenced by depth of hypnosis assessed by the BIS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Observational Study
Intraoperative monitoring of analgesia using nociceptive reflexes correlates with delayed extubation and immediate postoperative pain: A prospective observational study.
Immediate postoperative pain could be prevented by the administration of long-lasting analgesics before the end of the anaesthesia. However, to prevent over or underdosing of analgesics under anaesthesia, tools are required to estimate the analgesia-nociception balance. ⋯ The investigated nociceptive reflexes reflected the analgesia-nociception balance under general anaesthesia. The preoperative reflexes provide additional information about individual subjective pain sensitivity.
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Yonsei medical journal · Jul 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on Airway Reflex and Hemodynamic Changes during Recovery after Craniotomy.
During emergence from anesthesia for a craniotomy, maintenance of hemodynamic stability and prompt evaluation of neurological status is mandatory. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil on airway reflex and hemodynamic change in patients undergoing craniotomy. ⋯ We concluded that a single bolus of dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg) and remifentanil infusion have equal effectiveness in attenuating coughing and hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm clipping; however, dexmedetomidine leads to better preservation of respiration.