Articles: acetaminophen.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of oral diclofenac and acetaminophen in children after surgery.
Our aim was to study the pharmacokinetics and pain scores following administration of single oral doses of either diclofenac or high-dose acetaminophen (paracetamol). ⋯ The achieved concentrations of diclofenac and acetaminophen were not able to significantly reduce the children's pain score during the 5 h postingestion study period. Analgesic plasma acetaminophen concentrations may be higher than those required for antipyresis.
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Recent studies have determined that an initial rectal acetaminophen dose of approximately 40 mg/kg is needed in children to achieve target antipyretic serum concentrations. The timing and amount of subsequent doses after a 40-mg/kg dose has not been clarified for this route of administration. Based on the authors' previous pharmacokinetic data, they examined whether a 40-mg/kg loading dose followed by 20-mg/kg doses at 6-h intervals maintain serum concentrations within the target range of 10-20 microg/ml, without evidence of accumulation. ⋯ A rectal acetaminophen loading dose of 40 mg/kg followed by 20-mg/kg doses every 6 h results in serum concentrations centered at the target range of 10-20 microg/ml. There was large interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic characteristics. There was no evidence of accumulation during the 24-h sampling period.
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include aspirin, ibuprofen and diclofenac. They are widely prescribed to control pain and inflammation associated with disease or injury affecting joints and other tissues. The authors describe the clinical uses, mechanism of action and potential side effects. Paracetamol/acetaminophen is included in this discussion, although it is not an NSAID.