Articles: acetaminophen.
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There are no adequate pharmacodynamic data relating concentrations of acetaminophen in serum to analgesia. ⋯ The pharmacodynamics of acetaminophen can be described using a sigmoidal Emax model with a low Hill coefficient. To achieve a mean posttonsillectomy pain score of 3.6 of 10, an effect compartment concentration of 10 mg/l is necessary.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1999
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of rectally administered paracetamol in preterm neonates.
To investigate the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and dose-response relation of a single rectal dose of paracetamol in preterm infants in two different age groups. ⋯ A 20 mg/kg single dose of paracetamol can be safely given to preterm infants in whom sulphation is the major pathway of excretion. Multiple doses in 28-32 week old neonates would require an interval of more than 8 hours to prevent progressively increasing serum concentrations.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1999
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEffect of metoclopramide dose on preventing emesis after oral administration of N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen overdose.
To determine the effect of the metoclopramide dose on the prevention of vomiting of N-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen overdose. ⋯ This study supports the efficacy of high-dose metoclopramide to prevent emesis after the oral loading dose of N-acetylcysteine.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1999
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyOral or intravenous N-acetylcysteine: which is the treatment of choice for acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning?
The optimal route and duration of administration for N-acetyl-cysteine in the management of acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning are controversial. It has been stated on the basis of a selected post-hoc analysis that oral N-acetylcysteine is superior to intravenous N-acetylcysteine in presentations later than 15 hours. ⋯ The differences claimed between oral and intravenous N-acetylcysteine regimes are probably artifactual and relate to inappropriate subgroup analysis. A shorter hospital stay, patient and doctor convenience, and the concerns over the reduction in bioavailability of oral N-acetylcysteine by charcoal and vomiting make intravenous N-acetylcysteine preferable for most patients with acetaminophen poisoning.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe analgesic effect of preoperative administration of propacetamol, tenoxicam or a mixture of both in arthroscopic, outpatient knee surgery.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of the preemptive use of propacetamol, tenoxicam or the combination of both in arthroscopic, outpatient surgery of the knee. One hundred patients aged 18 to 65 years, ASA 1-2, scheduled for arthroscopy were randomized to receive propacetamol 30 mg/kg i.v. (repeated after 6 hours), tenoxicam 0.5 mg/kg i.v. (max. 40 mg), the combination of both or placebo one hour prior to a standard anesthetic. There were no differences with regard to total dose opioid consumption, sedation scores and side effects in the four groups.