Articles: pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
EMLA cream reduces the pain of venepuncture in children.
EMLA cream (eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics) was tested in a double-blind clinical trial to examine its effect on the pain of venepuncture at induction of anaesthesia in 40 children (aged 3-13 yrs). Four pain-assessment methods were used and an assessment of the technical ease of venepuncture was made. EMLA was found to reduce significantly the pain and technical difficulty of venepuncture. This study confirms that EMLA is an effective method of reducing the pain and technical difficulty of paediatric venepuncture using 25-gauge needles for induction of anaesthesia in children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1987
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialNo increased incidence of postoperative sore throat after administration of suxamethonium in endotracheal anaesthesia.
Sixty patients were divided into two groups (A and B) of 30 patients each to investigate the effect of using suxamethonium in endotracheal anaesthesia on the incidence of postoperative sore throat. The patients were anaesthetized with thiopentone, fentanyl, droperidol, N2O and pancuronium. ⋯ The type 2 error (beta) was low (the risk of overlooking a "true" difference in incidence of 0.20 was calculated to be 0.04). These results contradict those of a recent study, which demonstrated an increased incidence of postoperative sore throat following the use of suxamethonium in mask anaesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Epidural sufentanil versus intramuscular buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia. A double-blind comparative trial.
Epidural sufentanil 50 micrograms was compared with intramuscular buprenorphine 0.3 mg for postoperative pain relief. Patients were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups and received both an intramuscular and epidural injection, one of which was a placebo. ⋯ Cardiovascular variables remained stable in all patients and no respiratory depression was observed. Side effects were more frequent following buprenorphine.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1987
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPatient-controlled analgesia: a controlled trial.
Thirty-six patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were included in a prospective randomized controlled study to compare the effects of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and a standard intramuscular/intravenous treatment (conventional analgesia, CA) of postoperative pain. Morphine was used in both groups. There were no significant differences between the two analgesic regimens in respect of linear analogue pain scores, verbal pain-relief scores, amount of morphine used or side-effects. No treatment-induced alterations in vital values were experienced.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1987
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialReduction of pain at venous cannulation in children with a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA cream): comparison with placebo cream and no local premedication.
The local analgesic efficacy of a cream formulation of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) in reducing pain at venous cannulation was investigated in children scheduled for elective surgery. Forty children participated in a double-blind, randomized comparison between EMLA and inactive placebo cream. Another group of 18 children without any local treatment was studied as an additional control material. ⋯ No significant hormone responses were, however, detected. The lidocaine concentrations measured in venous blood taken from the application site of EMLA cream were low, and there were no measurable levels of lidocaine in simultaneous blood samples from the opposite extremity. In our opinion EMLA cream is safe and alleviates effectively the pain associated with venepuncture, and thus deserves a place in the routine premedication of children.