Articles: pain-management.
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This study sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the PEG scale (PEG-S, whose items assess Pain intensity and pain interference with Enjoyment of life and General activity) in a sample of Spanish-speaking adults receiving care for pain at primary care clinics in the Northwestern United States. We evaluated the PEG-S's 1) internal consistency, 2) convergent validity, and 3) discriminant validity. All participants (n = 200, mean age = 52 years [SD = 15], 76% women, mean PEG-S score = 5.7 [SD = 2.5]) identified as having Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and detailed ethnic origin was predominantly Mexican or Chicano (70%). ⋯ The findings support reliability and validity of the PEG-S for assessing a composite score of pain intensity and interference among Spanish-speaking adults. PERSPECTIVE: We present evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the PEG scale in Spanish (PEG-S) in a sample of adults receiving pain care at primary care clinics in the Northwestern United States. This 3-item composite measure of pain intensity and interference can help clinicians and researchers assess pain among Spanish-speaking adults.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · Nov 2023
ReviewAnalgesia for the Bayesian Brain: How Predictive Coding Offers Insights Into the Subjectivity of Pain.
In order to better treat pain, we must understand its architecture and pathways. Many modulatory approaches of pain management strategies are only poorly understood. This review aims to provide a theoretical framework of pain perception and modulation in order to assist in clinical understanding and research of analgesia and anesthesia. ⋯ Limitations of traditional models for pain have driven the application of new data analysis models. The Bayesian principle of predictive coding has found increasing application in neuroscientific research, providing a promising theoretical background for the principles of consciousness and perception. It can be applied to the subjective perception of pain. Pain perception can be viewed as a continuous hierarchical process of bottom-up sensory inputs colliding with top-down modulations and prior experiences, involving multiple cortical and subcortical hubs of the pain matrix. Predictive coding provides a mathematical model for this interplay.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2023
Association between socioeconomic status and treatment in patients with low back or neck pain: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea.
Socioeconomic status affects the treatment of patients with low back pain and/or neck pain. We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (occupation and household income level) and treatments such as chronic opioid use and interventional procedures among these patients. ⋯ Socioeconomic status factors are associated with treatment in patients with low back pain and/or neck pain.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · Nov 2023
ReviewElectronic Health Record Recording of Patient Pain: Challenges and Discrepancies.
In the present review, various categories of pain, clinician-observed pain scales, and patient-reported pain scales are evaluated to better understand factors that impact patient pain perceptions. Additionally, the expansion of areas that require further research to determine the optimal way to evaluate pain scale data for treatment and management are discussed. ⋯ Electronic health record (EHR) data provides a starting point for evaluating whether patient predictors influence postoperative pain. There are several ways to assess pain and choosing the most effective form of pain treatment. Identifying individuals at high risk for severe postoperative pain enables more effective pain treatment. However, there are discrepancies in patient pain reporting dependent on instruments used to measure pain and their storage in the EHR. Additionally, whether administered by a physician or another healthcare practitioner, differences in patient pain perception occur. While each scale has distinct advantages and limitations, pain scale data is a valuable therapeutic tool for assisting clinicians in providing patients with optimal pain control. Accurate assessment of patient pain perceptions by data extraction from electronic health records provides a potential for pain alleviation improvement. Predicting high-risk postoperative pain syndromes is a difficult clinical challenge. Numerous studies have been conducted on factors that impact pain prediction. Postoperative pain is significantly predicted by the kind of operation, the existence of prior discomfort, patient anxiety, and age.
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Pain empathy is essential for high-quality of care. The cognitive ability to identify and understand the pain in others remains underexplored in the context of hospital shift work. This study aimed to observe the early subliminal ability to detect pain in other faces and to investigate pain intensity evaluations during day and night shifts. ⋯ Some professions need to know how to assess pain 24/7 and a lack of sleep can disrupt the cognitive processes necessary for this assessment. Night shifts provoke a bias in pain management, and sleep deprivation, a decrease in pain evaluation. By conducting a repeated measure study in the field that applied a different paradigm (subliminal recognition of facial cues) we add evidence to the understanding of pain recognition and the impact of sleep deprivation on the early processing of pain in others.