Articles: dextromethorphan-therapeutic-use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dextromethorphan Analgesia in a Human Experimental Model of Hyperalgesia.
Central pain sensitization is often refractory to drug treatment. Dextromethorphan, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is antihyperalgesic in preclinical pain models. The hypothesis is that dextromethorphan is also antihyperalgesic in humans. ⋯ This study shows that low-dose (30-mg) dextromethorphan is antihyperalgesic in humans on the areas of primary and secondary hyperalgesia and reverses peripheral and central neuronal sensitization. Because dextromethorphan had no intrinsic antinociceptive effect in acute pain on healthy skin, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor may need to be sensitized by pain for dextromethorphan to be effective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dextromethorphan and memantine after ketamine analgesia: a randomized control trial.
Intravenous ketamine is often prescribed in severe neuropathic pain. Oral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists might prolong pain relief, reducing the frequency of ketamine infusions and hospital admissions. This clinical trial aimed at assessing whether oral dextromethorphan or memantine might prolong pain relief after intravenous ketamine. ⋯ Oral dextromethorphan given after ketamine infusion extends pain relief during one month and could help patients to better cope with pain. Future studies should include larger populations stratified on pharmacogenetics screening. Optimization of an oral drug that could extend ketamine antihyperalgesia, with fewer hospital admissions, remains a prime challenge in refractory neuropathic pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist Dextromethorphan on Opioid Analgesia in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
Objective. Pain control is an essential goal in the management of critical children. Narcotics are the mainstay for pain control. ⋯ Conclusions. Dextromethorphan has no effect on opioid requirement for control of acute pain in children admitted with acute critical care illness in PICU. The registration number for this trial is NCT01553435.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of Dextromethorphan-Quinidine on Agitation in Patients With Alzheimer Disease Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Agitation is common among patients with Alzheimer disease; safe, effective treatments are lacking. ⋯ In this preliminary 10-week phase 2 randomized clinical trial of patients with probable Alzheimer disease, combination dextromethorphan-quinidine demonstrated clinically relevant efficacy for agitation and was generally well tolerated.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Sep 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPreventive analgesia in thoracic surgery: controlled, randomized, double-blinded study.
Preventive analgesia is defined as a treatment that is commenced before the surgical procedure in order to diminish the physiological consequences of afferent nociceptive transmission caused by the procedure and prevent central sensitization. The analysis of randomized studies of preventive analgesia is controversial. The aim of this study was to check the analgesic efficacy of preoperative administration of dextromethorphan associated with intercostal nerve block with levobupivacaine in thoracotomy patients who refused or had a contraindication to epidural analgesia. ⋯ Results indicate that preoperative administration of dextromethorphan associated with preoperative IB with levobupivacaine provided preventive analgesia, decreasing analgesic administration during the early postoperative period compared with placebo and/or postoperative IB. This study failed in detecting any effect of preventive analgesia on functional items and post-thoracotomy syndrome.