Articles: anesthesia.
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Fortschr Ophthalmol · Jan 1990
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Modification of hemodynamic retrobulbar anesthesia effects by different oculopression procedures (with and without orbital compression)].
For studying the influence of orbital compression--an essential component of the clinically used methods of oculopression--on the hemodynamic effects of retrobulbar anesthesia, two series of investigations were performed preoperatively in 40 patients. In series 1, we initially performed retrobulbar anesthesia (RBA) with 5 ml of a bupivacaine/lidocaine mixture with adrenaline. RBA was followed by a 15-min period of suction-cup oculopression (SCO; negative pressure -100 and -150 mmHg in 10 patients each), which represents an experimental "pure" oculopression without compression of orbital tissue. ⋯ After SCO, pio was lowered by an average of 8.5 mmHg, and the ocular blood pressures remained unchanged at the post-injection levels. The perfusion pressures, however, were increased to their initial values, and even beyond in some cases. Thus, the inhibitory effects of RBA on ocular circulation are partially set off by the effects of SCO.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Oxytocin infusion during second stage of labour in primiparous women using epidural analgesia: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.
To determine whether the high rate of forceps delivery associated with the use of epidural analgesia could be reduced through giving an intravenous infusion of oxytocin during the second stage of labour. ⋯ The use of an oxytocin infusion may reduce the high rate of operative delivery associated with epidural analgesia provided that the fetal occiput is in an anterior position at the onset of the second stage of labour but within the dose range studied does not seem to correct malposition of the fetal occiput.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Interrelations among children, parents, premedication, and anaesthetists in paediatric day stay surgery.
To investigate the incidence of difficulties associated with parental presence during the induction of anaesthesia in children and the influence of premedication with special reference to vomiting after papaveretum. ⋯ Difficulties with parents in anaesthetic rooms were not common or severe. Premedication provides preoperative sedation and papaveretum improves the immediate postoperative course but the incidences of nausea and vomiting after operation are higher with its use than without.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Alfentanil used to supplement propofol infusions for oesophagoscopy and bronchoscopy.
This randomised double-blinded study compared the cardiovascular stability and rate of recovery when propofol infusions with or without alfentanil were used to provide anaesthesia for rigid oesophagoscopy and (or) bronchoscopy. Forty-six patients were allocated randomly to receive either alfentanil 10 micrograms/kg or saline just before a rapid sequence induction with propofol. Suxamethonium 1 mg/kg was given and infusions of suxamethonium 10 mg/minute and propofol (10 mg/kg/hour for 10 minutes, 8 mg/kg/hour for 10 minutes and then 6 mg/kg/hour thereafter) were started. ⋯ Recovery from anaesthesia was assessed using the critical flicker fusion threshold. No differences were found between the groups and patients in both groups had returned to baseline values by 60 minutes. No patient had any recall of intra-operative events, and there were no other adverse effects of any significance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Local versus general anaesthesia in carotid surgery. A prospective, randomised study.
A randomised, prospective study was performed to compare local (LA) and general anaesthesia (GA) in carotid surgery with special emphasis on complications and the need for intra-operative shunting. Fifty-six patients were randomised to LA and 55 to GA. Eight patients in the LA group required a GA for various reasons. ⋯ During surgery the highest recorded systolic pressure was significantly higher in the LA group (210 mmHg versus 173 mmHg, P less than 0.001). LA for carotid endarterectomy is comparable with general anaesthesia regarding peroperative complications but produces significantly higher blood pressures than general anaesthesia. On the other hand it allows the possibility of neurologic monitoring of the patient and leads to significantly less use of an intra-operative shunt.