Articles: anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ICI 35868, etomidate and methohexitone for day-case anaesthesia.
The anaesthetic properties and side-effects of propofol 1.5 mg kg-1, etomidate 0.2 mg kg-1, and methohexitone 1.5 mg kg-1 were compared in 71 healthy female patients undergoing short gynaecological procedures. Propofol proved to be a safe and effective agent for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia and was associated with a lower incidence of side-effects than either etomidate or methohexitone.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of aspiration of cerebro-spinal fluid on spinal anaesthesia with isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine.
The effect of changing the volume of cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) before spinal anaesthesia with 3 ml of isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine was investigated in 60 elderly (58-77 years) orthopaedic or urological patients. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups. They received the spinal anaesthetic either with or without the aspiration of 3 ml of CSF. ⋯ The anaesthesia was satisfactory in most cases. One death occurred because of a massive pulmonary embolism. The clinical significance of aspirating CSF before attempting spinal anaesthesia with 3 ml of 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine was found to be small.
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Southern medical journal · Jul 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of ranitidine as an oral antacid in outpatient anesthesia.
We studied the effects of preanesthetic ranitidine on gastric contents in 60 outpatients scheduled for elective surgery, with random allocation into three groups of 20 patients each. Patients in group 1 did not receive ranitidine and served as controls. Patients in groups 2 and 3 received ranitidine orally, 150 and 300 mg, respectively, one to five hours before induction of anesthesia. ⋯ Mean gastric volume and proportion of patients with volume greater than or equal to 20 ml were significantly reduced in both treatment groups. Proportions of patients with combination of pH less than or equal to 2.5 and volume greater than or equal to 20 ml were significantly low in both treatment groups, as there was only one patient in group 2 and none in group 3 with both low pH and high volume. With respect to reduction of gastric acidity and volume, 300 mg of ranitidine had no advantage over 150 mg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Mental function and morbidity after acute hip surgery during spinal and general anaesthesia.
Forty elderly patients (mean age 78.9 years) undergoing acute surgery for hip fracture were given at random either spinal analgesia with bupivacaine 0.75% or general anaesthesia with diazepam, fentanly and N2O/O2. Mental function was studied pre-operatively with an abbreviated mental test and 1 week and 3 months postoperatively in both groups. Mortality and number of complications was similar in the two groups, but a shorter time of ambulation was seen in the spinal group compared to the general anaesthetic group. No persistent impairment in mental function was found after acute hip surgery under spinal or general anaesthesia and the only advantage of regional technique was a shorter time of ambulation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postoperative pain and pulmonary complications: comparison of three analgesic regimens.
In a prospective study, patients undergoing cholecystectomy were randomly allocated to receive (a) intermittent intramuscular morphine (n = 25), (b) continuous intravenous morphine infusion (n = 25) or (c) epidural bupivacaine (n = 25) for postoperative pain relief. Morphine by intravenous infusion provided comparable pain relief to intermittent intramuscular morphine; there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. ⋯ Arterial oxygen tensions were also significantly higher in the epidural group for the first three postoperative days (P less than 0.05). Epidural analgesia was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of pulmonary complications (P less than 0.01) and chest infection (P less than 0.05).