Articles: anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of premedication on etomidate anaesthesia.
The effect of premedication upon the induction of anaesthesia with etomidate was studied in 74 adult patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. Premedication with fentanyl plus atropine or with diazepam plus atropine decreased the frequency of involuntary muscle movements without modifying the pattern of the circulatory effects of etomidate, although fentanyl increased the frequency of apnoea. Pain at the site of injection was not modified by premedication.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of a chloroprocaine--bupivacaine mixture with chloroprocaine and bupivacaine used individually for obstetric epidural analgesia.
Continuous lumbar epidural anesthesia was instituted in 49 healthy parturients who were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: 14 patients received chloroprocaine, 3 per cent; 19 received bupivacaine, 0.5 per cent, and 16 received a mixture containing chloroprocaine, 1.5 per cent, and bupivacaine, 0.375 per cent. Observations relating to the characteristics of the anesthetic block and to maternal and fetal well-being were made by a trained nurse observer. ⋯ No clinical superiority could be demonstrate for the mixture as compared with bupivacaine or chloroprocaine used individually. There was no sign of material or fetal toxicity with any of the three treatment regimens.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Extradural analgesia in labour. A comparison of 2-chloroprocaine hydrochloride and bupivacaine hydrochloride.
Chloroprocaine hydrochloride 2% and bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.375% in 10-ml doses of plain solutions were studied in a randomised blind manner as the agents for continuous lumbar extradural analgesia in labour. Twenty-four patients were assessed for the speed of onset, duration of action, degree of motor blockade, dermatomal spread, arterial hypotension, and the incidence of unblocked segments. ⋯ Chloroprocaine exhibited more marked motor blockade and a lower incidence of unblocked segments. The dermatomal spread and effect on arterial pressure were similar in both groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of maternal position on fetal heart rate during extradural analgesia.
Using continuous cardiotocography, the effect of maternal position on fetal heart rate (FHR) was studied during extradural analgesia (EA) with either 50 or 100 mg of etidocaine without adrenaline for labour and vaginal delivery. Of 70 healthy parturients, 39 were supine and 40 were in the lateral position. ⋯ Transient abnormal patterns occurred in 26 patients, 22 (56%) in the supine group and four (10%) in the lateral group, a significant difference (P less than 0.001). The decrease in arterial pressure (AP) did not differ between the groups, but the frequency of abnormal FHR associated with a small or moderate decrease in AP (30% or less) was greater in the supine (51%) than in the lateral group (3%).
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Jul 1979
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Epidural analgesia and epidural steroid injection for treatment of chronic low back pain and sciatica].