Articles: anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl · Jan 1978
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialHalothane anaesthesia and suxamethonium III. Atropine 30 s before a second dose of suxamethonium during inhalation anaesthesia: effects and side-effects.
The protection against bradycardia afforded by atropine given intravenously just prior to a second dose of suxamethonium during halothane inhalation anaesthesia was studied in 100 healthy, adult patients randomly allocated to one of five groups characterized by dosage of atropine. ECG monitoring was continuous, and regular determinations were made of serum potassium, PaCO2, PaO2 and blood pressure. Slowing of the heart rate was seen in more than 50% of patients in each group, but bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 beats/min) was seen only in patients receiving the lowest dose of atropine--0.0075 mg/kg. ⋯ The incidence of these arrhythmias seemed to increase with increasing atropine dosage. Marked tachycardia was also seen. Because of the incidence of side effects in this and other studies, no absolute recommendation can be made about suxamethonium bradycardia prophylaxis during halothane inhalation anaesthesia, but our present experience suggests that atropine in a dose not exceeding 0.01 mg/kg, given 30 s prior to a second dose of suxamethonium is best.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of the effect of three anaesthetic techniques on postoperative arterial oxygenation in the elderly.
Ninety patients (age range 49--99 yr) with a fracture of the neck of the femur were anaesthetized by a technique using halothane in oxygen in a closed circuit, halothane and 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen in a Magill circuit or artificial ventilation with 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen ("IPPV group"). In all three groups, there was a small decrease in PaO2 from an overall mean of 9.07 kPa before operation to 8.13 kPa at 60 min after anaesthesia. There was no significant difference between the groups in respect of the decrease; it was concluded that closed-circuit halothane in oxygen anaesthesia for this type of surgery was not accompanied by a significant degree of absorption collapse.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Etomidate in a new solvent. A clinical evaluation.
The introduction of polyethylene glycol as a solvent for etomidate appears to markedly reduce the incidence of pain on injection while maintaining the previously demonstrated advantageous features of cardiovascular stability and rapid recovery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Flunitrazepam compared with althesin as an induction agent in balanced anaesthesia.
The effects of flunitrazepam and Althesin as anaesthetic induction agents were studied in a double-blind trial in 97 patients undergoing abdominal or gynaecological surgery. There was no difference between the two preparations in respect of the quality of induction. ⋯ Recovery was more rapid from Althesin anaesthesia. A low incidence of nausea was observed in both groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Etomidate in electroconvulsive therapy. A within-patient comparison with alphaxalone/alphadalone.
In a group of 31 patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy, there was no significant difference between the times of return of eyelash reflex, swallowing and respiration following a single induction dose of 0.2 mg/kg of etomidate as compared with an induction dose of 0.036 ml/kg of alphaxalone/alphadalone. The incidence of involuntary movements and increased muscle tone was significantly greater after etomidate than following alphaxalone/alphadalone; but the involuntary movements were never marked. The overall incidence of pain on injection was 15% after etomidate. There was a low incidence of venous sequelae following either drug.