Articles: blood-glucose-analysis.
-
Advances in therapy · Jul 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialHow does blood glucose control with metformin influence intensive insulin protocols? Evidence for involvement of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines.
Recent investigations have revealed that control of hyperglycaemia with insulin improves outcomes. The cornerstone of hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients is insulin resistance and it remains refractory to intensive insulin protocols. We designed this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new intensive insulin therapy (IIT) protocol combined with metformin. ⋯ Metformin plus insulin appears to lower the incidence of insulin resistance, lower insulin requirement while maintaining blood glucose level control, and consequently lower the incidence of adverse effects related to high-dose insulin therapy, particularly hypoglycaemia, and also declined nursing workload. Both treatment protocols showed improvements in inflammatory cytokine levels. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to determine the undiscovered facts of insulin-sensitising agents in critically ill patients.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialPre-operative oral carbohydrate treatment before coronary artery bypass surgery.
Cardiac surgery is a stress that causes insulin resistance, which leads to an increase in insulin requirement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a pre-operative oral carbohydrate drink vs. overnight fasting on perioperative insulin requirements in non-diabetic patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. ⋯ In this study patient population, a pre-operative oral carbohydrate drink did not reduce post-operative insulin resistance or post-operative nausea and vomiting. According to our findings, it is safe to allow cardiac surgery patients to drink clear fluids up to 2 h before induction of anaesthesia, because gastric emptying of the drink was almost total and no aspiration occurred.
-
Clinical therapeutics · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of exenatide on 24-hour blood glucose profile compared with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, two-arm, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, 2-week study.
The aim of this study was to examine the glucose-lowering effect of exenatide over 24 hours in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control using metformin, with or without a thiazolidinedione (TZD). ⋯ In these patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide was associated with significantly reduced glucose concentrations at multiple time points during 24 hours, with the greatest effect seen on postprandial glucose concentrations. In addition, exenatide was associated with decreased overall hyperglycemic exposure and significantly decreased postprandial triglyceride excursions. These results are consistent with those seen in other studies that reported the effectiveness of exenatide in controlling hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of a high-fruit and -vegetable, high-fiber, low-fat dietary intervention on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3.
To determine the effects of dietary change on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3. ⋯ A low-fat, high-fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable dietary intervention had minimal impact on serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 overall, but in lean subjects the intervention resulted in a significant reduction in serum glucose concentration.
-
Intensive care medicine · Dec 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyStrict versus moderate glucose control after resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation.
Elevated blood glucose is associated with poor outcome in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Our aim was to determine whether strict glucose control with intensive insulin treatment improves outcome of OHCA patients. ⋯ We found no additional survival benefit from strict glucose control compared with moderate glucose control with a target between 6 and 8 mmol/l in OHCA patients.