Articles: nausea.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 1993
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Clinical evaluation of granisetron for nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs--optimal dose-finding study].
The efficacy, safety and usefulness of oral granisetron for nausea and vomiting induced by the administration of anticancer drugs were compared among four doses using the subjects registered through telephone calls by the physicians-in-charge. The clinical efficacy of the drug was assessed as "remarkably effective" or "effective" in 50.0% (11/22) in the 0.5 mg group. 68.4% (13/19) in the 1 mg group, 81.0% (17/21) in the 2 mg group and 78.3% (18/23) in the 4 mg group. ⋯ No adverse event or abnormal laboratory value fluctuation which might pose a clinical problem was observed. From these results, single administration of oral granisetron at a dose of 2 mg once a day was considered to be the optimal administration and dosage for nausea and vomiting induced by the administration of anticancer drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ondansetron plus dexamethasone compared to the 'standard' metoclopramide combination.
This paper describes a multicentre, double-blind, parallel group study which compared ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg i.v. x 3) plus dexamethasone (20 mg i.v.) with metoclopramide (3 mg/kg i.v. x 2) plus dexamethasone (20 mg i.v.) and diphenhydramine (50 mg i.v.) for the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis and nausea. Two hundred and eighty-nine consecutive patients receiving chemotherapy containing cisplatin at doses > or = 50 mg/m2 entered the study and 267 patients were evaluable for efficacy. The ondansetron regimen was significantly superior compared with the metoclopramide regimen in the control of acute emesis and nausea. ⋯ Patients receiving the metoclopramide regimen had significantly more sedation than patients receiving ondansetron plus dexamethasone (12 vs. 2%; p < 0.005). Extrapyramidal reactions were only observed in metoclopramide-treated patients (3%). The results of this study suggest that ondansetron plus dexamethasone is a more effective and better tolerated anti-emetic regimen compared with metoclopramide plus dexamethasone and diphenhydramine for the prevention of acute cisplatin-induced emesis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The effect of oral ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after major gynaecological surgery performed under general anaesthesia.
The efficacy and safety of ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting following major gynaecological surgery was evaluated in this multicentre, double-blind study. A total of 243 patients were randomised to receive three doses of oral ondansetron 8 mg or matching placebo at 8-hourly intervals, with the first dose being given an hour before surgery. A standard general anaesthetic technique was employed throughout. ⋯ Of the 237 patients evaluated for efficacy, significantly fewer ondansetron 8 mg treated patients (65/117; 56%) experienced postoperative nausea and/or vomiting compared with placebo-treated patients (94/120; 78%) during the study period (p < 0.001). In addition, ondansetron 8 mg reduced the severity of nausea (p < 0.001) and the total number of vomiting episodes experienced (p < 0.001). Overall, ondansetron 8 mg was well tolerated and effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in this surgical setting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ondansetron versus placebo to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in women undergoing ambulatory gynecologic surgery.
Postoperative nausea and emesis, especially in ambulatory surgical patients, remains a troublesome problem. This study was performed to compare the incidence of nausea and emesis during the 24-h postoperative period in ondansetron-treated patients versus placebo-treated patients. ⋯ Ondansetron given intravenously to prevent postoperative nausea and emesis was highly effective in the 4- and 8-mg doses in women having ambulatory gynecologic surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study examining the effectiveness of intravenous ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis.
To compare the efficacy and safety profiles of ondansetron and a placebo when infused immediately prior to anesthesia induction for the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis (vomiting or retching). ⋯ Ondansetron, infused IV before anesthesia induction, appears to be safe and effective when used in the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis.