• Stefano Benedini, Roberto Codella, Andrea Caumo, Ileana Terruzzi, and Livio Luzi.
• Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milanese, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
• Nutrition. 2019 Feb 1; 58: 57-64.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of low-intensity exercise on the postprandial hormonal and metabolic milieu induced by breakfast consumption.MethodsExercise began 100 min after the initiation of breakfast consumption and consisted of cycling at 40% of maximum oxygen uptake for 20 min. Three different breakfasts were used to elicit the postprandial state: B1 = skimmed milk (125 mL) and 30g corn flakes; B2 = skimmed milk (220 mL), 200 g apple, 30 g cocoa cream-filled sponge cake; B3 = skimmed milk (125 mL), 50 g bread, 150 g apple, and 15 g hazelnut and cocoa spread. Nineteen young healthy participants (8 M/11 F; body mass index 22.7 ± 0.5 kg/m2; age 31 ± 0.7 y) consumed the three breakfasts, as well as an oral glucose load (50-g oral glucose tolerance test), under either resting or exercise conditions, in a randomized-crossover fashion. Blood glucose, insulinemia, ghrelinemia, lipidemia, and satiety were measured throughout the studies. To evaluate the metabolic effects of exercise, the changes that glucose, insulin, ghrelin, free fatty acid exhibited in the interval 90 to 120 min were analyzed with a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (factor 1: type of oral test; factor 2: resting/exercise condition).ResultsNo interaction between the two factors was found for any of the examined variables. Light exercise produced a modest, significant decrease in blood glucose levels (P = 0.004) and a modest, significant increase in free fatty acid levels (P = 0.002) with respect to the resting condition.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that short, mild exercise has beneficial effects on postprandial metabolism and this may have direct bearing on the issue of counteracting the epidemic rising of sedentary lifestyle of the general population.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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