The Annals of thoracic surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Off-pump versus on-pump myocardial revascularization in low-risk patients with one or two vessel disease: perioperative results in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate hospital mortality and morbidity after myocardial revascularization in a prospective and multicenter study, comparing on-pump versus off-pump in a special subset of patients with lesions in the left descending artery, alone or associated with the right coronary artery. ⋯ We did not find any statistical difference in hospital mortality and morbidity using on-pump or off-pump techniques for low-risk patients.
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Conventional surgery for thoracic aortic emergencies, such as contained or free rupture of thoracic aortic aneurysms, acute type B dissections, and traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta, is frequently associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. To obviate this risk, endovascular surgery is considered to be a valid alternative procedure. ⋯ Endovascular surgery is a safe technique, showing encouraging early and midterm results and allowing for prompt treatment of associated lesions in complex multitrauma patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of hypertonic saline-dextran solution in cardiac valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Hypertonic saline-dextran (HSD) solution may be beneficial in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Valvular dysfunction is associated with high pulmonary wedge pressure, pulmonary hypertension, and ventricular dysfunction. Fluid overload or transient left ventricular failure may occur with HSD infusion in such patients. This study evaluates the cardiorespiratory effects and tolerance of HSD solution infusion in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. ⋯ The HSD solution infusion in patients during cardiac valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass was well tolerated. Hemodynamic and respiratory functions improved and fluid balance was near zero during the first 48 hours as compared with a large positive balance in the control group. We conclude that HSD infusion is advantageous for patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Health status and social risk correlates of extended length of stay following coronary artery bypass surgery.
Preoperative severity of illness in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is a major determinant of clinical postoperative outcomes and surgical length of stay (SLOS). Preoperative patient reported health status and social risk have not been quantified as predictors of SLOS post-CABG. Our hypothesis was that poorer self-reported health and greater social risk, as measured by standardized instruments, are significantly associated with extended SLOS defined as greater than or equal to 7 days. ⋯ The HP subscore of the SF-36 and the composite social risk factors score were significantly associated with extended SLOS after controlling for other standard clinical variables. "Hospital site" remained the factor with the greatest variance independent of patient severity of illness.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Methylene blue reduces mortality and morbidity in vasoplegic patients after cardiac surgery.
The discovery of nitric oxide as mediator in cardiac postoperative vasoplegia encourages the use of inhibitory drugs such as methylene blue. This drug has been used with favorable results in isolated cases. The purpose of this article is to analyze the incidence of the postoperative vasoplegic syndrome, to consider its prognosis, and to evaluate the effect of intravenous methylene blue on mortality. ⋯ Vasoplegic postoperative syndrome was seen in 8.8% of all patients. Outcome in patients with vasoplegia was worse with increased morbidity and mortality. The use of methylene blue reduced the high mortality in this population.