Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
T cell activation markers CD38 and HLA-DR indicative of non-seroconversion in anti-CD20-treated patients with multiple sclerosis following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines provide robust protection against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy individuals. However, immunity after vaccination of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with ocrelizumab (OCR), a B cell-depleting anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is not yet fully understood. ⋯ These findings highlight the importance of optimising treatment regimens when scheduling SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for OCR-treated patients with MS to maximise their humoral and cellular immune responses. This study provides valuable insights for optimising vaccination strategies in OCR-treated patients with MS, including the identification of CD38 and HLA-DR as potential markers to explore vaccine efficacy in non-seroconverting OCR-treated patients with MS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy, safety and tolerability of rozanolixizumab in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: a randomised, subject-blind, investigator-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a trial and open-label extension study.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a peripheral nerve disorder characterised by weakness and sensory loss. We assessed the neonatal Fc receptor inhibitor rozanolixizumab for CIDP management. ⋯ Rozanolixizumab did not show efficacy in patients with CIDP in this study, although this could be due to a relatively high placebo stability rate. Rozanolixizumab was well tolerated over medium-to-long-term weekly use, with an acceptable safety profile.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyNfL reliability across laboratories, stage-dependent diagnostic performance and matrix comparability in genetic FTD: a large GENFI study.
Blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) is increasingly considered as a key trial biomarker in genetic frontotemporal dementia (gFTD). We aimed to facilitate the use of NfL in gFTD multicentre trials by testing its (1) reliability across labs; (2) reliability to stratify gFTD disease stages; (3) comparability between blood matrices and (4) stability across recruiting sites. ⋯ Our results underline the suitability of blood NfL in gFTD multicentre trials, including cross-lab reliable stratification of the highly trial-relevant conversion stage, matrix comparability and cross-site robustness.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Patient-perceived progression in multiple system atrophy: natural history of quality of life.
Health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) scales provide crucial information on neurodegenerative disease progression, help improve patient care and constitute a meaningful endpoint for therapeutic research. However, Hr-QoL progression is usually poorly documented, as for multiple system atrophy (MSA), a rare and rapidly progressing alpha-synucleinopathy. This work aimed to describe Hr-QoL progression during the natural course of MSA, explore disparities between patients and identify informative items using a four-step statistical strategy. ⋯ The multidimensional Hr-QoL deteriorates progressively over the course of MSA and brings essential knowledge for improving patient care. As exemplified with MSA, the thorough description of Hr-QoL over time using the four-step strategy can provide perspectives on neurodegenerative diseases' management to ultimately deliver better support focused on the patient's perspective.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Eligibility for antiamyloid treatment: preparing for disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have early evidence of efficacy. Widespread delivery of DMTs will require major service reconfiguration. Treatment pathways will need to include triaging for eligibility, regular infusions and baseline and follow-up MRI scanning. A critical step in planning is provision of real-world estimates of patients likely to be eligible for triaging, but these are challenging to obtain. ⋯ While a sizeable proportion of patients attending memory clinics may be referred for triaging for DMTs for AD, only a minority are likely to be suitable for these, as demonstrated in patients seen in specialist cognitive services. This will need to be considered when designing pathways for DMT delivery.