Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Prevalence of autoimmune diseases in functional neurological disorder: influence of psychiatric comorbidities and biological sex.
Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling neuropsychiatric condition, which disproportionally affects women compared with men. While the etiopathogenesis of this disorder remains elusive, immune dysregulation is emerging as one potential mechanism. To begin to understand the role of immune dysfunctions in FND, we assessed the prevalence of several common autoimmune diseases (ADs) in a large cohort of patients with FND and examined the influence of psychiatric comorbidities and biological sex. ⋯ This study is unique in providing evidence of an association between FND and ADs. Future studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms underlying this association and to understand whether FND is characterised by distinct dysregulations in immune response.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Peripheral hearing loss at age 70 predicts brain atrophy and associated cognitive change.
Hearing loss has been proposed as a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, the relationship between hearing, neurodegeneration, and cognitive change, and the extent to which pathological processes such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease influence these relationships, is unclear. ⋯ Hearing loss may influence dementia risk via pathways distinct from those typically implicated in Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular disease in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2024
Multicenter StudyImplications for driving based on the risk of seizures after ischaemic stroke.
In addition to other stroke-related deficits, the risk of seizures may impact driving ability after stroke. ⋯ Personalised prognostic models, such as SeLECT2.0, may offer better guidance for poststroke driving decisions than generic SFIs. Our findings provide practical tools, including a smartphone-based or web-based application, to assess seizure risks and determine appropriate SFIs for safe driving.