Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialDeep brain stimulation in the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens region: responses observed during active and sham programming.
Recently, anterior limb of the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in the treatment of medication-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This region has been previously explored with lesion therapy, but with the advent of DBS there exists the possibility of monitoring the acute and chronic effects of electrical stimulation. The stimulation-induced benefits and side effects can be reversibly and blindly applied to a variety of locations in this region. ⋯ The acute effects of DBS in the region of the anterior limb of the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens, particularly when obtained in a blinded fashion, provide a unique opportunity to localise brain regions and explore circuitry.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialModerate therapeutic efficacy of positron emission tomography-navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for chronic tinnitus: a randomised, controlled pilot study.
Tinnitus has been shown to respond to modulations of cortical activity by high-frequency and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). ⋯ Tinnitus can be attenuated by low-frequency rTMS navigated to each person's maximum tinnitus-related cortical hyperactivity. The effects are only moderate; interindividual responsiveness varies and the attenuation seems to wear off within 2 weeks after the last stimulation session. Notably, tinnitus-related anterior cingulate cortex activation seems to predict the response to rTMS treatment.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomised pilot study to assess the efficacy of an interactive, multimedia tool of cognitive stimulation in Alzheimer's disease.
To determine the usefulness of an interactive multimedia internet-based system (IMIS) for the cognitive stimulation of Alzheimer's disease. ⋯ Although both the IPP and IMIS improved cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease, the IMIS program provided an improvement above and beyond that seen with IPP alone, which lasted for 24 weeks.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA pilot randomised controlled trial of a home-based exercise programme aimed at improving endurance and function in adults with neuromuscular disorders.
To investigate the feasibility and effect of a home-based exercise programme on walking endurance, muscle strength, fatigue and function in people with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). ⋯ A home-based approach aimed at improving endurance in adults with NMDs is feasible and further investigation on a larger sample is warranted.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA multicentre, randomised trial examining the effect of test procedures measuring emergence from post-traumatic amnesia.
Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) tests that record different PTA durations in the same patient, thereby raising measurement accuracy issues, have been reported previously. A major problem lies in determining the end point of PTA. ⋯ Although no significant differences in the duration of PTA on the MOPTAS/WPTAS were recorded, emergence from the late stages of PTA occurred more promptly with the MOPTAS. The need for inclusion of both orientation and memory items in PTA tests is highlighted by the frequency of disorientation-amnesia dissociations. The patterns of results on the independent measures suggest that patients who are in PTA for > 4 weeks have probably emerged from PTA when they first score 12/12 on the MOPTAS/WPTAS, and this criterion can replace the traditional criterion.