Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2025
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomised controlled trial of intermittent calorie restriction in people with multiple sclerosis.
Calorie restriction (CR) ameliorates preclinical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) via multiple mechanisms. These include decreased leptin, a proinflammatory adipokine, but mechanistic studies in humans are lacking. Tests of daily and intermittent CR (iCR) in people with MS (pwMS) showed improvements in fatigue and well-being measures. This trial studied the effects of 12-week iCR on metabolic, immunological, and clinical outcomes in pwMS. ⋯ iCR has the potential to benefit metabolic and immunologic profiles and is safe and feasible in pwMS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2025
Socioeconomic burden of AQP4-antibody seropositive NMOSD: a nationwide registry-based study.
AQP4-antibody seropositive (AQP4-Ab+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) may cause reduced work capability due to disability. Here, we evaluated the socioeconomic status of patients with AQP4-Ab+NMOSD in off-label therapy era compared with the general population. ⋯ The socioeconomic status of patients with AQP4-Ab+NMOSD deteriorates rapidly following disease onset. A substantial proportion of these patients lose their work capacity leading to increased financial burden on both their families and society.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2025
Poor long-term outcomes and abnormal neurodegeneration biomarkers after military traumatic brain injury: the ADVANCE study.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in military campaigns and is a risk factor for dementia. ArmeD SerVices TrAuma and RehabilitatioN OutComE-TBI (ADVANCE-TBI) aims to ascertain neurological outcomes in UK military personnel with major battlefield trauma, leveraging advances in quantification of axonal breakdown markers like neurofilament light (NfL), and astroglial marker glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) in blood. We aimed to describe the causes, prevalence and consequences of TBI, and its fluid biomarker associations. ⋯ TBI affected nearly a fifth of trauma-exposed personnel, related to worse mental health, motor and functional outcomes, as well as elevated plasma GFAP levels 8 years post-injury. This was absent after extracranial trauma, and showed a dose-response relationship with the severity of the injury.