Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2014
Multicenter Study Observational StudyApolipoproteins are associated with new MRI lesions and deep grey matter atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes.
There is increasing evidence that serum lipoprotein cholesterol biomarkers are associated with disease progression in clinically isolated syndromes (CIS). Apolipoproteins (Apo) are recognition ligands that mediate the physiological interactions of cholesterol-containing lipoproteins. The objective of this study was to investigate whether serum Apo levels are associated with CIS disease progression. ⋯ Serum ApoB levels are associated with new lesion accumulation whereas ApoE levels are associated with deep grey matter atrophy in high risk CIS patients treated with interferon β-1a.
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Over the past 20 years, the most notable advance in understanding Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been the identification of an axonal variant. This advance arose chiefly through studies undertaken in East Asian countries and comprised two major aspects: first, the immunopathogenesis of axonal GBS related to anti-ganglioside antibodies and molecular mimicry of Campylobacter jejuni; and second, the observation that distinct electrophysiological patterns of axonal GBS existed, reflecting reversible conduction failure (RCF). As a consequence, the pathophysiology of acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) has perhaps become better understood than acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. ⋯ Recent collaborative approaches between Europe and Asia have suggested that both the electrophysiological pattern of AMAN and the seropositivity for anti-ganglioside antibodies develop similarly. Separately, however, current electrodiagnostic criteria for AMAN limited to a single assessment appear inadequate to identify the majority of cases. As such, diagnostic criteria will need to be revised to improve the diagnostic sensitivity for AMAN.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2014
Multicenter StudyImpulse control disorder in patients with Parkinson's disease under dopamine agonist therapy: a multicentre study.
Impulse control disorders (ICDs) encompass a wide spectrum of abnormal behaviour frequently found in cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with dopamine agonists (DAs). The main aim of this study was to analyse ICD prevalence with different DAs. ⋯ ICD was significantly associated with the use of the non-ergolinic oral DA (pramipexole and ropinirole) when compared with transdermal non-ergolinic DA (rotigotine). Since pramipexole, ropinirole and rotigotine are non-ergolinic DAs with very similar pharmacodynamic profiles, it is likely that other factors including route of administration (transdermal vs oral) explain the difference in risk of ICD development.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2014
Effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a prospective controlled study.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a debilitating gait disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD) with partial responsiveness to dopaminergic medication. To date, notions about the effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on FOG remain controversial. ⋯ In contrast to continued BMT, STN-DBS reduced FOG occurrence and severity at 6 months postsurgery with largely sustained effects at 12 months follow-up. Longer follow-up periods are needed to test whether FOG improvements after STN-DBS persist with disease progression.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2014
Review Historical ArticleFifty years of progressive supranuclear palsy.