Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRandomised control trial of tongue acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in improving functional outcome in cerebral palsy.
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used historically in the treatment of cerebral palsy (CP). We investigated the efficacy of acupuncture in improving the motor function of children with CP. ⋯ An improvement in motor function of CP subjects is seen following a short course of acupuncture.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2004
Case ReportsLeucoencephalopathy with neuroaxonal spheroids (LENAS) presenting as the cerebellar subtype of multiple system atrophy.
Leucoencephalopathy with neuroaxonal spheroids (LENAS) is a rare disease of cerebral and cerebellar white matter. LENAS usually presents as a disorder of cognition and behaviour, or with gait dysfunction and ataxia. This report describes a patient who had a 14 year course of progressive neurological decline consistent with a clinical diagnosis of probable multiple system atrophy, with prominent cerebellar dysfunction and dysautonomia. ⋯ However, magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive white matter signal abnormalities, in addition to moderate cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. On postmortem microscopic examination, there were numerous axonal spheroids throughout the white matter of both regions. This case of LENAS presented unique clinical characteristics, and typical pathological findings.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2004
Evidence for grey matter MTR abnormality in minimally disabled patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
To establish whether magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) histograms are sensitive to change in normal appearing grey matter (NAGM) in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in the absence of significant disability; and to assess whether grey or white matter MTR measures are associated with clinical measures of impairment in early RRMS METHODS: 38 patients were studied (mean disease duration 1.9 years (range 0.5 to 3.7); median expanded disability status scale (EDSS) 1.5 (0 to 3)), along with 35 healthy controls. MTR was determined from proton density weighted images with and without MT presaturation. SPM99 was used to generate normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and NAGM segments of the MTR map, and partial voxels were minimised with a 10 pu threshold and voxel erosions. Mean MTR was calculated from the tissue segments. Atrophy measures were determined using a 3D fast spoiled gradient recall sequence from 37 patients and 17 controls. ⋯ In early RRMS, grey matter MTR abnormality is apparent. The correlation with mild clinical impairment (in this essentially non-disabled cohort) suggests that NAGM MTR could be a clinically relevant surrogate marker in therapeutic trials.