Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2001
Comparative StudyA clinical role for [(123)I]MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in the distinction between dementia of the Alzheimer's-type and dementia with Lewy bodies.
Scintigraphy with [(123)I]metaiodobenzyl guanidine ([(123)I]MIBG) enables the quantification of postganglionic sympathetic cardiac innervation. Recently, myocardial [(123)I]MIBG scintigraphy has been found to be useful in distinguishing Parkinson's disease, a Lewy body disease, from other akinetic rigid syndromes. Some patients initially diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) are discovered to have an alternative disease such as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), despite the application of stringent diagnostic criteria. In the present study, examinations were performed to clarify the usefulness of myocardial [(123)I]MIBG scintigraphy in improving the differential diagnosis between patients with DLB and DAT. ⋯ [(123)I]MIBG myocardial scintigraphy might detect early disturbances of the sympathetic nervous system in DLB and might provide useful diagnostic information to discriminate DLB from DAT. The distinction between DLB and DAT may be improved by greater emphasis on cardiac sympathetic disturbances.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2001
Magnetic resonance imaging of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
To explore volume changes of the entorhinal cortex (ERC) and hippocampus in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with normal cognition (NC); to determine the powers of the ERC and the hippocampus for discrimination between these groups. ⋯ Volume reductions in the ERC and hippocampus may be early signs of AD pathology that can be measured using MRI.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2001
Brain temperature, body core temperature, and intracranial pressure in acute cerebral damage.
To assess the frequency of hyperthermia in a population of acute neurosurgical patients; to assess the relation between brain temperature (ICT) and core temperature (Tc); to investigate the effect of changes in brain temperature on intracranial pressure (ICP). ⋯ Fever is extremely frequent during acute cerebral damage and ICT is significantly higher than Tc. Moreover, Tc may underestimate ICT during the phases when temperature has the most impact on the intracranial system because of the close association between increases in ICT and ICP.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2001
Biography Historical ArticleJean Martin Charcot (1825-93) and Jean Baptiste Charcot (1867-1936).
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2001
Increase of interstitial glycerol reflects the degree of ischaemic brain damage: a PET and microdialysis study in a middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion primate model.
To evaluate interstitial glycerol as a marker of ischaemia by studying the changes in glycerol in direct relation to changes in regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)), the lactate/pyruvate ratio (LP ratio), and glutamate. ⋯ A marked, sustained increase in interstitial glycerol is indicative of severe ischaemia in this stroke model. A transient, diminutive increase in interstitial glycerol may reflect a penumbra situation. Interstitial glycerol in combination with other biochemical markers such as the LP ratio and glutamate may be useful for clinical monitoring of the ischaemic brain, reflecting a sequence of secondary pathophysiological events.