Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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Clinical paleoneurology is almost non-existent, but recognition of neurological diseases in ancient people might be possible by scrutinising portraits apparently representing people as they appeared in life. ⋯ Clinical paleoneurology is possible in the absence of a living nervous system. The patients probably had focal epilepsy, hemiplegic migraine, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2001
Predictors of outcome and pathological considerations in the surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy associated with temporal lobe lesions.
To evaluate the influence of clinical, investigative, and pathological factors on seizure remission after temporal lobectomy for medically intractable epilepsy associated with focal lesions other than hippocampal sclerosis. ⋯ The findings highlight the importance of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour in the pathogenesis of medically refractory lesional temporal lobe epilepsy and the prognostic significance of preoperative duration of epilepsy emphasises the need for early recognition and surgical treatment. Cognitive and behavioural dysfunction, however, is associated with a lower seizure remission rate, independent of duration of epilepsy.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2001
Prevalence of headache in an elderly population: attack frequency, disability, and use of medication.
To assess the 1 year prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH), migraine headache (MH), and chronic daily headache (CDH), as well as of headache in general in a rural elderly population. ⋯ A consistent proportion of elderly people have primary headaches and consultation with a specialist is particularly recommended for patients with moderate or severe attacks, or with CDH.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2001
Temporal lobe rating scale: application to Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.
Temporal lobe atrophy as assessed by MRI can be measured in several ways. Volumetric measurements are quantitative but very time consuming and require extensive training to perform, so are not easily transferable to clinical practice. Visual rating scales, by contrast, are quick and widely applicable. Although medial temporal lobe atrophy is well described in Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is uncertain how early these changes can be detected and whether they discriminate AD from other neurodegenerative diseases, most notably frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The objectives were (1) to develop a widely applicable temporal lobe rating scale, and (2) to characterise and quantify the patterns of temporal lobe atrophy in AD versus temporal and frontal variants of FTD. ⋯ Hippocampal atrophy is, therefore, not specific for AD. Semantic dementia can be distinguished from AD, by the presence of severe bilateral atrophy of the temporal pole, parahippocampal and lateral regions. These findings have implications for the differential diagnosis of dementias.