Neuroscience
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Review Meta Analysis
The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in Long COVID disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Recent studies confirm the involvement of activated immune-inflammatory responses and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress in Long COVID (LC) disease. However, the influence of these pathways on the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP) through the TRP catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway and their mediating effects on LC pathophysiology, has not been fully explored. ⋯ The current findings suggest that an activated TRYCAT pathway, characterized by decreased TRP levels and maybe elevated KYN levels, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of LC.
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Review Meta Analysis
Unveiling the veil of adipokines: A meta-analysis and systematic review in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Adipokines are proposed to be associated with ALS progression through assorted pathways. Therefore, The present meta-analysis explored the link between various adipokines and ALS progression. ⋯ Our findings revealed that serum concentrations of ghrelin and leptin were higher in ALS patients compared to control, unlike adiponectin.
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Review Meta Analysis
Perinatal anoxia associated with sensorimotor restriction causes muscle atrophy and microglial activation: Meta-analysis of preclinical studies with implications for cerebral palsy.
Several experimental cerebral palsy models have been created to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this condition and develop new therapeutic strategies. The model that has come closest to a motor phenotype similar to cerebral palsy is the one that combines perinatal anoxia with hindlimb sensorimotor restriction, as it induces visible changes at the peripheral and central levels. This systematic review with meta-analysis presents the impact of the cerebral palsy model that associates perinatal anoxia with hindlimb sensorimotor restriction on the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems. ⋯ The results of the meta-analysis reported a significant reduction in the media area of the soleus muscle fibers, increased number of glia cells and glia/neuron index in the somatosensory cortex, increased microglial activation in the hippocampus, and no changes in the corpus callosum thickness or neuron cells. The combination of perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction entails muscle deficits and excessive activation of glial cells in brain areas. These results contribute to a methodological refinement of cerebral palsy models and favor new studies proposed for methodological elucidation in animal experimentation.
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Pompe disease, also known as Glycogen storage disease type II, is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by defects in alpha-glucosidase, resulting in abnormal glycogen accumulation. ⋯ Quantitative data on the global epidemiology of Pompe disease could be the fundamental to evaluate the global efforts on building a better world for Pompe disease patients.
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Stem-cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promise in preclinical spinal cord injury (SCI) models but lack a comprehensive literature review for clinical translation guidance. ⋯ Both natural and bio-engineered EVs improve functional and pathological outcomes in animal models of SCI. The enhanced benefits observed with bio-engineered EVs, particularly those utilizing surface modification approaches, highlight the importance of continued exploration into bio-engineering techniques to optimize EVs' therapeutic efficacy for SCI repair. Protocol Registration CRD42024512122.