Spine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Neck/shoulder exercise for neck pain in air force helicopter pilots: a randomized controlled trial.
The study was a randomized, controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. A 6-week intervention was followed up directly afterwards and after 12 months. ⋯ A supervised neck/shoulder exercise regimen was effective in reducing neck pain cases in air force helicopter pilots. This was supported by improvement in neck-flexor function postintervention in regimen members. However, no effect emerged for pain-related fear. General strength training before the intervention predicted reduction in prevalence of pain at follow-up.
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The cultural adaptation of Neck Disability Index (NDI), the validity and reliability of Turkish version. ⋯ The results suggest that the Turkish version of the NDI validated in this study is an easy to understand, reliable, and valid instrument for the measurement of the limitation of activities of daily living and pain caused by neck disorders in the Turkish-speaking population.
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A proof of concept case study. ⋯ The CTT-based-score-level approach for establishing MCID based on the clinical relevance of the baseline PF score and the tolerance for erroneously accepting an observed change as reliable provided the more sensitive and theoretical compelling approach for estimating MCID at the patient level, which in turn will provide fundamentally important to the clinician regarding treatment efficacy at the patient level.
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Intra-arterial injection in the rat brain: evaluation of steroids used for transforaminal epidurals.
Prospective in vivo experimental animal model. ⋯ This study presents the first in vivo evaluation of intra-arterial steroid injection. Data demonstrate Depo-Medrol, as well as its nonparticulate carrier, and Solu-Medrol can produce significant injury to the blood-brain barrier when injected intra-arterially. These results demonstrate that injury is produced not only by particulate obstruction of the cerebral microvasculature, but also by toxicity of the carrier or steroid (methylprednisolone).
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Comparison of feasibility and safety of the placement of short and long iliac screws by anatomic and biomechanical evaluations as they apply to lumbo-iliac fixation construct. ⋯ The local stability is rather difficult to be restored to the original levels regardless the length of iliac screws. Obviously, long iliac screws resisted significantly greater axial pullout force. However, under physiologic, torsional, and compressive loading conditions, the mechanical stability of lumbo-pelvic fixation construct with short iliac screws was comparable with that of the long ones. Therefore, the use of short iliac screws, which are only about half the length of the long iliac screws, could reduce the implantation risk without significantly compromising on the stability of the construct.