Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialOmni-media health education combined with nanodrug therapy on the creation of gastrointestinal microenvironment and the improvement of treatment compliance in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.
According to the randomization method, 82 patients can be divided into two groups, the control group and the study group, each with 41 patients participating in the investigation. All patients in the control group were cared for, and the study group used a health education model. ⋯ To enable patients to accurately grasp health knowledge during treatment, score self-management ability (ESCA), and maintain a level of satisfaction with care. (1) In the study group, the standard treatment of patients directly reached 97.56%, regular review reached 95.12%, regular exercise reached 90.24%, the degree of smoking cessation reached 92.68%. (2) The mastery of disease and health knowledge in the first group (95.12%) was significantly higher than that of (78.05%) (P < 0.05). (3) After the intervention, the first group scored higher for self-responsibility (27.07 ± 3.15), self-awareness (25.59 ± 3.11), health knowledge (40.38 ± 4.54), and self-care skills (36.45 ± 3.19). (4) The nursing satisfaction level of the first group was (92.68%), which was significantly higher than that of the other group (75.61%). According to the conclusions, it can be shown that health education for tumor patients can improve patients' compliance with treatment and mastery of disease health knowledge, which is conducive to improving patients' self-management ability.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialHPV self-sampling among cervical cancer screening users in Spain: A randomized clinical trial of on-site training to increase the acceptability.
A randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare the impact of two different instructions on vaginal self-sampling in its acceptability and willingness for future screening rounds among women attending cervical cancer screening (CCS). From November 2018 to May 2021, women aged 30-65 living in Spain attending CCS were randomized 1:1 in two arms. In the "On-site training arm (TRA)", women took a self-sample at the primary health care centre following provider's instructions. ⋯ It is an option to consider when moving to self-sampling in established CCS. Preferred delivery sites most likely contextual. Registration on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05314907.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialThe 3-year effects of a personality-targeted prevention program on general and specific dimensions of psychopathology.
This study aimed to examine the effect of a personality-targeted prevention program (Preventure) on trajectories of general and specific dimensions of psychopathology from early- to mid-adolescence. Australian adolescents (N = 2190) from 26 schools participated in a cluster randomized controlled substance use prevention trial. This study compared schools allocated to deliver Preventure (n = 13 schools; n = 466 students; Mage = 13.42 years), a personality-targeted selective intervention, with a control group (n = 7 schools; n = 235 students, Mage = 13.47 years). ⋯ After controlling for effects on general psychopathology, there were no significant, additional effects on the lower order factors. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a selective personality-targeted intervention in altering trajectories of general psychopathology during adolescence. This finding represents impacts on multiple symptom domains and highlights the potential for general psychopathology as an intervention target.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialSocioeconomic differences in expected discomfort from colonoscopy and colon capsule endoscopy.
Individual income and educational level are associated with participation rates in colorectal cancer screening. We aimed to investigate the expected discomfort from the endoscopic diagnostic modalities of colonoscopy and colon capsule endoscopy in different socioeconomic groups as a potential barrier for participation. In a randomized clinical trial within the Danish colorectal cancer screening program, we distributed questionnaires to 2031 individuals between August 2020 and December 2022 to investigate the expected procedural and overall discomfort from investigations using visual analogue scales. ⋯ Bowel preparation contributed most to expected discomfort in colon capsule endoscopy, whereas in colonoscopy, the procedure itself was the largest contributor. Individuals with prior experiences of colonoscopy reported significantly lower expected overall but not procedural discomfort from colonoscopy. The threshold for acceptable discomfort between subgroups is unknown, but the expected discomfort in colon capsule endoscopy and colonoscopy was higher in higher socioeconomic subgroups, suggesting that expected discomfort is not a significant contributor to the inequalities in screening uptake.