Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
ReviewPolicy, systems, and environmental interventions addressing physical activity in early childhood education settings: A systematic review.
Policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approaches can facilitate physical activity in priority populations (e.g., racial and ethnic minority, low wealth groups) within early childhood education (ECE) settings. The purpose of this review was to 1) characterize the inclusion of priority populations within ECE physical activity interventions containing PSE approaches and 2) identify and describe interventions within these populations. Seven databases were systematically searched (January 2000-Febrary 2022) for ECE-based interventions focusing on children (0-6 years) that utilized at least one PSE approach. ⋯ In Aim 2, of the 12 interventions assessing child physical activity in priority populations, 9/12 reported at least one physical activity outcome in the expected direction. Of the 11 interventions assessing the physical activity environment, 9/11 reported an effect in the expected direction. Findings indicate clear opportunities exist to target priority populations by incorporating PSE approaches in ECE physical activity interventions.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
ReviewPolicy, systems, and environmental interventions addressing physical activity in early childhood education settings: A systematic review.
Policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approaches can facilitate physical activity in priority populations (e.g., racial and ethnic minority, low wealth groups) within early childhood education (ECE) settings. The purpose of this review was to 1) characterize the inclusion of priority populations within ECE physical activity interventions containing PSE approaches and 2) identify and describe interventions within these populations. Seven databases were systematically searched (January 2000-Febrary 2022) for ECE-based interventions focusing on children (0-6 years) that utilized at least one PSE approach. ⋯ In Aim 2, of the 12 interventions assessing child physical activity in priority populations, 9/12 reported at least one physical activity outcome in the expected direction. Of the 11 interventions assessing the physical activity environment, 9/11 reported an effect in the expected direction. Findings indicate clear opportunities exist to target priority populations by incorporating PSE approaches in ECE physical activity interventions.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Review Meta AnalysisDrinking behaviors of Chinese adolescents over the past three decades: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Adolescent drinking is a major worldwide public health challenge. China is home to the world's second largest youth population, but relatively little is known about adolescent drinking behaviors. This study examined (1) prevalence rates and sex and age differences in drinking behaviors among Chinese adolescents over the past three decades and (2) whether underage drinking declined following the enactment of a strict national underage drinking policy in 2006. ⋯ The findings suggest that prevalence rates of drinking behaviors remain high among Chinese adolescents but are lower than among European or North American adolescents. The 2006 Chinese national policy to reduce underage drinking did not measurably alter patterns of underage drinking. Implications for prevention, research, and policy are discussed.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Review Meta AnalysisDrinking behaviors of Chinese adolescents over the past three decades: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Adolescent drinking is a major worldwide public health challenge. China is home to the world's second largest youth population, but relatively little is known about adolescent drinking behaviors. This study examined (1) prevalence rates and sex and age differences in drinking behaviors among Chinese adolescents over the past three decades and (2) whether underage drinking declined following the enactment of a strict national underage drinking policy in 2006. ⋯ The findings suggest that prevalence rates of drinking behaviors remain high among Chinese adolescents but are lower than among European or North American adolescents. The 2006 Chinese national policy to reduce underage drinking did not measurably alter patterns of underage drinking. Implications for prevention, research, and policy are discussed.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
ReviewNudging interventions to improve children's sleep, physical activity and sedentary behavior: A scoping review.
In recent years, nudges to improve health behaviors have generated growing public health interest, as a promising and inexpensive intervention approach. Most nudging intervention reviews have examined nudges targeting adults, with few focusing on children. We aimed to review the literature on nudges designed to improve children's sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and sleep, and to identify existing gaps in scientific knowledge. ⋯ Interventions targeting the decision structure were the least represented type of nudges among our sample. Our results show a paucity of research investigating nudges aimed at improving pediatric physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Interventions using nudges alone were even fewer, highlighting the need to study this promising type of intervention to improve lifestyle behaviors of children.