Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2014
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyCultural relevance in medication adherence interventions with underrepresented adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes.
This meta-analysis systematically compiles intervention research designed to increase medication adherence among underrepresented adults. ⋯ The modest magnitude of improvements in medication adherence behavior documents the need for further research with clear testing of cultural relevance features.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2014
Review Meta AnalysisPhysical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in children: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
To assess the effects of physical activity interventions in preventing cardiovascular risk factors in childhood through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). ⋯ As physical activity intervention programs lasting longer than 6months are associated with reductions in blood pressure levels and triglycerides, they should be considered to be included in prevention programs for cardiovascular diseases in schoolchildren.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Review Meta AnalysisSelf-determined motivation and physical activity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Self-determination theory is used as a framework for examining the relation between motivation and physical activity. The purpose of this review was to systematically review studies that assessed the association between self-determined motivation and physical activity levels in children and adolescents. ⋯ Evidence provides some support for self-determination theory tenets. However, there was substantial heterogeneity in most associations and many studies had methodological shortcomings.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisTelehealth interventions for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To assess the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adult patients in community settings. ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing overall CVD risk. More studies are needed that consistently measure overall CVD risk, directly compare different telehealth interventions, and determine cost effectiveness of telehealth interventions for prevention of CVD.
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Preventive medicine · May 2014
Review Meta AnalysisImproving diet and physical activity to reduce population prevalence of overweight and obesity: an overview of current evidence.
The aim of this study is to provide an overview of interventions to reduce or prevent overweight or obesity and improve diet or physical activity. ⋯ Various individually targeted interventions were shown to reduce body weight, although effect sizes were typically modest, and the durability of effects has been questioned. New approaches to evaluating population-based interventions, such as taxes and regulation, are recommended. Future research modelling the long-term effects of interventions across the lifespan would also be beneficial.