Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Obesity candidate genes, gestational weight gain, and body weight changes in pregnant women.
To examine the associations of two obesity-associated genes, FTO (rs9939609) and GNB3 (rs5443) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with early pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and postpartum weight retention. ⋯ The FTO gene and possibly the GNB3 gene are associated with high gestational weight gain in obese black women. Obese carriers of the FTO risk allele gained 4.1 kg (AT) and 7.6 kg (TT) more than those without risk alleles. Overweight GNB3 heterozygotes (CT) gained 6.6 kg less than homozygotes (CC). Overweight or obese black women who have either risk variant are at risk for high gestational weight gain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of resistance training of swallowing muscles on dysphagia in older people: A cluster, randomized, controlled trial.
This study examined the effects of resistance training of swallowing muscles in community-dwelling older individuals with dysphagia. ⋯ Resistance training of swallowing muscles did not improve dysphagia in this study. Better nutritional status correlated independently with improved swallowing function.