Nutrition
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Gene-nutrient interactions are implicated in metabolic phenotypes like metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of diet-induced metabolic phenotypes in rats and investigate the effects of these phenotypes in three successive generations. ⋯ This study revealed that different dietary macronutrients induced distinctive metabolic phenotypes, which had variable effects in different generations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of resveratrol supplementation on lipid profile in subjects with dyslipidemia: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of resveratrol supplementation on lipid profile in individuals with dyslipidemia. ⋯ The results suggest that resveratrol supplementation significantly reduces total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in individuals with dyslipidemia.
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Magnesium may play an important role in the prevention or treatment of epilepsy. We aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of magnesium and the incidence of epilepsy in middle-aged Finnish men in a prospective setting. As a secondary analysis, we also considered a possible association between dietary intake of magnesium and inflammation in subjects with epilepsy. ⋯ A higher dietary intake of magnesium was associated with lower incident epilepsy, and this association was slightly mediated by CRP. Further studies are required to identify the potential mechanisms.
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More than 70% of birch pollen-allergic individuals are affected by a cross-allergy from apples. The aim of this study was to determine if an increased polyphenolic content of apples is inversely related to clinical allergic reactions in sufferers. ⋯ Old apples cultivars are better tolerated than new ones by birch pollen-allergic individuals. The in vitro allergenicity (activation of effector cells) of apples depends on the total polyphenolic content and the degree of enzymatic browning.
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Fatty acids (FA) in human milk play an important role in meeting the nutritional demands and promoting the growth and development of breastfeeding infants. Breast milk FA is sensitive to maternal dietary habits, and dietary patterns are better used to explain the effect of diet on FA. Few studies have examined the association between maternal dietary patterns and the FA components of breast milk in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to determine whether dietary patterns affect the FA profile of breast milk in lactating Chinese mothers with the overall goal to optimize the management of infant feeding. ⋯ The results demonstrate that maternal dietary patterns can affect macronutrient intake levels and milk FA profiles in lactating Chinese women. These results are of great significance in understanding how a maternal diet can both improve maternal macronutrient intake and the FA nutritional status of breast milk.