Nutrition
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Creatine supplementation can improve impact control in high-intensity interval training.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on biomechanical parameters related to shock attenuation during a session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). ⋯ Cr supplementation has the potential to influence biomechanical parameters related to impact control during a single session of HIIT based on running. In particular, the findings of the current study indicate possible improvements in shock attenuation and a safer practice of HIIT under Cr supplementation.
-
Comparative Study
Assessment of muscle mass depletion in chronic liver disease; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry compared with computed tomography.
The aim of this study was to perform intermethod comparisons between the following three measures of muscle mass depletion in patients eligible for liver transplantation: 1) fat-free mass index (FFMI) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), 2) appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) measured by DXA, and 3) skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured at the third lumbar level by computed tomography (CT). ⋯ ASMI measured with DXA is a useful alternative method to SMI measured with CT when a CT scan is not clinically indicated or available.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Australian patients with coronary heart disease achieve high adherence to 6-month Mediterranean diet intervention: preliminary results of the AUSMED Heart Trial.
It is unclear whether the cardioprotective Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) can be adhered to in non-Mediterranean populations. The aim of this study was to report preliminary results on adherence to a 6-mo ad libitum MedDiet intervention in multiethnic Australian patients with coronary heart disease, including maintenance at 12 mo. ⋯ The MedDiet intervention in this pilot trial of Australian patients with coronary heart disease was well adhered to, improved diet quality, and could therefore provide a feasible alternative to a low-fat diet. Notably, improvement in adherence to the MedDiet was achieved through dietitian-led intervention and cross-cultural translation of dietary principles.
-
Phase angle (PhA) is determined by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and it is interpreted as an index of cell membrane integrity. Smokers are susceptible to systemic oxidative stress and often adopt unhealthy habits, which may contribute to cellular damage. This unfavorable conjuncture may result in lower PhA in smokers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between PhA and smoking status. ⋯ The results from the present study suggest that being a current smoker results in lower PhA in men, even when controlling for other variables.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of ω-3 supplementation on the nutritional status, immune, and inflammatory profiles of gastric cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to study the effect of ω-3 supplementation on the nutritional status and the immune and inflammatory profiles of patients with gastric cancer during antineoplastic pretreatment. ⋯ Supplementation with ω-3 leads to weight gain, reduction in the inflammatory profile, and maintenance of the nutritional and immune profiles of these patients, but further studies are needed to examine changes in body composition.